During an infection, the body temperature set point is increased. The hypothalamus communicates to skeletal muscles to shiver and to blood vessels to.......... blood flow to the skin, causing a rise in body temperature

Q: Andre went to visit his baby cousin, and she accidentally sneezed in his face. Two day later, Andre…

A: Homeostasis is a self regulatory process by which organisms maintain stability while adapting to…

Q: Which is not one of the four characteristic symptoms of inflammation a-Redness b-Swelling c-Pain…

A: Introduction: Inflammation is the procedure by which ones brain's white blood cells and also the…

Q: Where are blood cells produced? A) in red marrow inside of bones O B) in the liver C) in yellow…

A: Mostly all type of the blood cells the red blood cells and the white blood cells and platelets are…

Q: Explain why might a young man feel cold despite it being a warm day?

A: Cell is the fundamental membrane- bound unit that contains the basic particles of life and of which…

Q: Antihistamines are drugs that block the effect of histamine. Why do antihistamines help alleviate…

A: Nasal congestion is also referred as stuffy nose. When the tissues and blood vessels of the nasal…

Q: The immune system of a person is supressed. He was found positive for a pathogen in the diagnostic…

A: ELISA refers to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It is a plate-based assay technique and is…

Q: Describe the control of skin blood vessels during exposure to coldor heat?

A: Skin being the largest organ in the body not only protects the internal organs from microbes, it…

Q: Anne recovers from smallpox. Is Anne likely to get sick if she is infected with the smallpox virus…

A: The question is asking whether Anne, who has recovered from smallpox, is likely to get sick again if…

Q: Explain why you can scrap your skin but not bleed.

A: Skin plays a major role in protecting our body from infections and is considered a first-line of…

Q: The laboratory scientist who reviews the marrow reports that the bone marrow is overridden with…

A: Immunoglobulin play a critical role in the immune system by recognizing and binding to specific…

Q: The human immune system includes a number of specialized cells. Suggest the activity of the…

A: A collection of tissues, chemicals, and cells called the immune system works to protect the body…

Q: Interferons are considered as ______ signals IL-2 is considered as ________ signals IL-1 is…

A: Signaling molecules are small molecules, ions, or even gas that can either cross the lipid bilayer…

Q: Stem cells responsible for the process of lymphopoiesis are located in the (a) thymus and spleen.…

A: Lymphocytes are white blood cells responsible for defending the body from pathogens and other…

Q: The immune system protects our body from invasion by nonself cells. Explain what could happen if you…

A: The immune system of the body protects the individual from the attack of external pathogens. The…

Q: Which statement regarding the thymus is true? (a) It is situated in the left upper angle of the…

A: The thymus gland between the lungs, is in the chest and behind the breastbone. It is just above the…

Q: _________ release __________ that can induce inflammation. (a) Basophils, Histamine (b) Basophils,…

A: Inflammation is defined as the process by which the body launches a biological response to foreign…

Q: Pathogen entry via aerosolized droplets is associated with ……………….mode of entry.

A: Aerosols are small small particles which have  less then 25 micrometre radius. Thay are really very…

Q: When Anne gets infected with smallpox, one of the first symptoms she experiences is a fever. The…

A: The objective of the question is to understand the role of the immune system in response to an…

Q: You implant a sample material subcutaneously in the back of a rabbit model in an effort to evaluate…

A: Injury, blood material interactions, provisional matrix construction, acute and chronic…

Q: Under what circumstances is having a fever beneficial? Under what circumstances is having a fever…

A: The term "fever" or "hyperthermia" refers to a situation where the body temperature exceeds 38…

Q: Normal flora may cause opportunistic infections when:(a) They are continually nourished by the…

A: Normal flora is those microorganisms that reside in the human body and do not normally cause…

Q: u are an emergency room physician. Marcus, a 7-year-old boy, has just presented in the ER…

A: Chest pain can be due to a variety of causes such as:  Muscle strain Peptic ulcers Asthma Lung…

Q: (a) In tobacco-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is the ability of the body…

A: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major lung disorder related to tobacco smoking.…

Q: Which of the following happens during inflammation? A) O The capillaries supplying blood to the area…

A: Immunity is the body's defense system that protects the body from the invasion of harmful particles…

Q: Why immediately after an emergency, some people experience a 'cold sweat'?

A: Any abnormal state that impairs the homeostasis of the body is addressed as stress.  General…

Q: Stephanie is in her first year of college and has recently come down with a cold. She is running a…

A: Introduction: Fever is defined as the core body temperature above 38°C (101°F) measured on several…

Q: Tom has just been exposed to the measles virus, and he can't remember if he has had measles before.…

A: When an individual is exposed to a virus, such as the measles virus, their immune system responds by…

Q: ........ functional barrier that prevents passage of antibiotics, and toxins from the blood to…

A: The nervous system is the complex part which consists of network of nerve cells and fibers that is…

Q: How does your body respond to this changed set point? How are the symptoms of a fever related to…

A: Set point - this theory state that the body weight of a person can change upto a limited point.

Q: . We commonly fight bacterial infections by developing a fever. Our body temperature may rise from a…

A: When the temperature of the body rises due to an infection, it is known as fever. Fever is caused by…

Q: Are there any other organisms that protect the body? If so, what is it and how does it work?

A: Organisms are specific individual that are living thing i.e. they carryout life activities. That can…

Q: The disease pemphigus vulgaris involves a patient’s own immune system attacking the desmosomes…

A: Pemphigus Vulgaris is a rare disease. Which affects the skin layers. It is causes blisters in the…

Q: Why do you suppose you become thirsty after eating salty foods?  Can you explain the circumstances…

A: The immune system checks the body for infections or problem-causing chemicals and fights any harmful…

Q: Melanie, an athlete, had suddenly gained a lot of weight. Her face had swollen, and a hump had…

A: Anabolic steroids are artificial hormones that help in increasing strength and muscle mass. Also,…

Q: ...,.. is critical to both peyer's patches and nervous system development in intestine. Neurophic…

A: Peyer's patches :- thses are the oval shaped subepithilial grouping of lymphatic tissue which is…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.