DOL OF CHOICES: BA. Glycolysis CA. Gluconeogenesis GA. glycogenolysis DA. glycogen synthesis JA. TCA cycle EA. Beta-oxidation FA. Fatty acid synthesis HA. TAG synthesis ZA. Nucleotide synthesis XA. Fermentation YA. Cholesterol synthesis AKA. NAD*, FAD ALA. pyruvate AMA. Urea glucose-1-P oxaloacetate ½/20₂ phosphoglucomutase ANA. Acetyl CoA AQA. mevalonate ASA. glutamine ATA. Beta-hydroxybutyrate AWA. lanosterol H₂O + BAB. glutamate SAB. Glucose-6-phosphate YAB. malonyl-COA lactate 3. E oxaloacetate 6.1 fermentation NADH, FADH₂ succinate glucose phosphoenolpyruvate ADP, P₁ ATP 2.1 1. E 4.1 acetyl-COA 5. P NAD", FAD a-ketoglutarate 8.1 citrate 7.1 glutaminase 6-phosphogluconate ribulose-5-phosphate 12. E ribose-5-phosphate 11. P fatty acid synthesis citrate 9.1 palmitoyl-COA oxaloacetate squalene 10.1 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase acetyl-COA HMG-COA cholesterol CAB. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex DAB. Glucose-6-phosphatase FAB. phosphoglucomutase GAB. PEP carboxykinase JAB. PEP carboxylase HAB. Phosphopentose isomerase LAB. HMG COA lyase MAB. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase NAB. Phosphofructokinase I KAB. Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthase 1 PAB. Phosphopentose epimerase
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
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