Divide-and-Conquer

Mention a sorting algorithm which uses divide-and-conquer strategy.

There exist sorting algorithms which can sort any list with N elements in O(N log N) time. True False

First Pass: ( 5 1 4 2 8 ) \to ( 1 5 4 2 8 ), Here, algorithm compares the first two elements, and swaps them. ( 1 5 4 2 8 ) \to ( 1 4 5 2 8 ), Swap since 5 > 4 ( 1 4 5 2 8 ) \to ( 1 4 2 5 8 ), Swap since 5 > 2 ( 1 4 2 5 8 ) \to ( 1 4 2 5 8 ), Now, since these elements are already in order (8 > 5), algorithm does not swap them. Second Pass: ( 1 4 2 5 8 ) \to ( 1 4 2 5 8 ) ( 1 4 2 5 8 ) \to ( 1 2 4 5 8 ), Swap since 4 > 2 ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) \to ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) \to ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) Now, the array is already sorted, but our algorithm does not know if it is completed. The algorithm needs one whole pass without any swap to know it is sorted. Third Pass: ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) \to ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) \to ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) \to ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) \to ( 1 2 4 5 8 ) Finally, the array is sorted, and the algorithm can terminate. Bubble sort is a simple sorting algorithm. It works by repeatedly stepping through the list to be sorted, comparing each pair of…