Discuss the various types of transparency in a distributed database system. How does location transparency differ from fragmentation transparency?

When should distributed database systems employ data replication to address data fragmentation if it is a problem? It seems that the processes of fragmentation and replication are incompatible. What distinguishes vertical fragmentation from horizontal fragmentation? Give me an example so I can better grasp your position.

Discuss the challenges and trade-offs involved in implementing deadlock avoidance mechanisms in distributed databases. How do these mechanisms affect system performance and availability?

What is a distributed deadlock, and how can it be detected and resolved in a distributed database environment?

Explain the concept of distributed deadlock detection and resolution in a distributed database environment. Provide an example scenario where distributed deadlock might occur and how it can be resolved.

Replication or data fragmentation, which is preferable in a distributed database system? If we combine fragmentation with replication, what do you think? Is it possible to tell whether a file is fragmented in a vertical or horizontal direction? You need to back up your assertion with an example.

Describe the CAP theorem (Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance) and how it relates to distributed database systems.

Explore the concept of data transparency in DDBMS. How does it facilitate data access and management in distributed environments?

Discuss the challenges of maintaining data consistency in a distributed database environment. How does distributed deadlock detection work, and what are its limitations?

Discuss the CAP theorem in the context of distributed databases. What does it imply for system designers and administrators, and how can they make trade-offs between consistency, availability, and partition tolerance?