Discuss the factors responsible for ascent of xylem sap in plants.

List 3 environmental factors discussed in lectures and give examples of physiological and biochemical perturbations in plants caused by fluctuations in these environmental factors. For each of the 3 environmental factors describe the primary effects and the secondary effects.

To transport water from the root into the shoot does the water potential in the xylem need to become more positive or negative? Why?

Name the pressure that helps in the movement of water up the xylem of the root.

What are the ecological roles and adaptive advantages of secondary metabolites in plants, and how do these compounds contribute to plant defense mechanisms against herbivores, pathogens, and environmental stresses?

Contrast primary growth in roots and shoots

Draw and label the features of a leaf that are necessaryto maintain a well-hydrated interior while still allowing CO2uptake from the atmosphere.

Arrange the following four events in an order that explains the mass flow of materials in the phloem. 1)Water diffuses into the sieve tubes.2)Leaf cells produce sugar by photosynthesis.3)Sucrose is actively transported into sieve tubes.4)Sugar moves down the stem due to positive pressure. A. 1, 2, 3, 4 B. 2, 3, 1, 4 C. 4, 2, 1, 3 D. 2, 4, 1, 3

Explain the factors responsible for the growth of plant

Describe the arrangement of vascular bundles in a cross-section of a Zea mays stem. Are they more abundant in the periphery of the stem? Explain any mechanical advantage in their arrangement.