Discuss the difference between concurrent validity and predictive validity and describe a situation in which you would use an instrument that has concurrent validity and predictive validity.

Q: Distinguish between frequentist and subjective approaches?

A: 1. The frequentist approach is the statistical tool that is used to determine the conclusions from…

Q: What does the test-retest method of reliability determine? Provide an example from counseling…

A: Here's the explanation is as follows; Reliability , it is the degree of consistency of a measure.…

Q: Explain the difference between a quantitative predictor variable and a qualitative predictor…

A: Qualitative predictor variable: The values of the qualitative variable do not occur naturally on a…

Q: Researchers explored whether there were qualitative differences between students who were randomly…

A: We have given that  Sample sizes n1=15 , n= 12  Sample means xbar1=16.2 , xbar2 =9.8 SS=1000 ,SS=925…

Q: Define the term estimator? explain unbiased, consistent and efficient estimators?

A:

Q: What does it mean to say that two variables are positively​ associated? Negatively​ associated?

A: Association: The association of how two varaibles are connected with each other. It decides how one…

Q: Then, please write out the technical literature notation for an F test:   F(df1, df2) = ? p .05…

A: 1. F-Test is also known as Fisher's test. It is used to test the equality of variances of two normal…

Q: what is an example of test measure for validity?

A: Mathematically, the validity coefficient measures the validity of a test which is related to…

Q: What are the differences between content validity, construct validity, and concurrent validity?

A:

Q: What is an example of criterion validity?

A: Criterion validity  To evaluate criterion validity ytou calculate the correlation between the…

Q: and the pen and paper group (n = 12) had a mean verbatim score of 9.8 (SS = 925). Do these data…

A: We have given that  Sample sizes n1= 15 , n2=12 Sample means xbar1= 16.2 , xbar2 = 9.8 SS= 1000 ,…

Q: Discuss whether you think success comparison based on scores by Group A and Group B lack…

A: question: 2) Discuss whether you think success comparison based on scores by Group A and Group B…

Q: What does a researcher attempt to do when constructing an "analysis story" to go with the results of…

A: Research: Research is the thoughtful reflection of a study concerning a particular interest or…

Q: Why inferential statistic is important for physical activity educators ? Please provide two examples…

A: 1] Inferential statistics is used to make the generalization about the population based on the…

Q: reject the null hypothesis in favor of an alternative hypothesis at the 5% level of significance.…

A: It is known that if the p-value is less than the level of significance, the null hypothesis gets…

Q: We are testing whether students learning online perform worse than students learning in person. If…

A: Claim : Students learning online perform worse than students learning in person. The hypotheses…

Q: Interpret the test hypothesis either reject or not. And, how about the significant level?

A: Answer: From the given output, Test statistic = 2329.367 P-value = 0.0000 As p-value < 0.05, we…

Q: What does reject the null and fail to reject the null mean? When is either of these applied?

A: In the hypothesis testing , there are two hypothesis to be tested : null hypothesis &…

Q: What aspect does the repeated measure test decrease when compared to an independent to test?

A: Given: The repeated measure that results in decreasing the measure test based on comparing with an…

Q: Does this mean that the diagnoses are reliable? Explain your position. How does reliability affect…

A:

Q: The correlation between "trust in the government to take care of its citizens" and worry about one's…

A: If the p-value is low (< 0.05), then the correlation is statistically significant. Here the…

Q: Define the concept of Consistency in statistics? when can we say data is perfectly consistent?

A: Consistency or a consistent estimator is one that uniformly converges to the true population value…

Q: A school psychologist wants to determine whether children who live with both parents perform better…

A: The school psychologist wants to determine whether children who live with both parents perform…

Q: Why is the phrase “goodness of t” used to describe the type of hypothesis test considered in this…

A: In this section, the test is to check how well the observed frequencies match with the expected…

Q: How can they tell that this is a two-tailed test?

A: From the given information we find the solution.

Q: . What is the advantage of one-tailed tests over two-tailed tests?  b. What is the disadvantage of…

A: these are the following

Q: Why do we use absolute value in both the expected value of perfect information and the expected…

A: Based on the concept of Decision theory, the expected value of perfect information is the amount…

Q: Illustrate Test the difference between a complete and reduced model for significance?

A:

Q: Describe how experimenter bias can be a threat to internal validity; that is, how can experimenter…

A:

Q: What are examples of a null and research hypothesis?

A: In a hypothesis test, Null and Alternate hypothesis are mutually exclusive ( both can not be true at…

Q: What can we do if we find weak instruments while Checking Instrument Validity?

A: The instruments are called weak if the correlation with the included endogenous regressor is small.

Q: Explain why the use of a level of significance of 5% is not best in all circumstances.

A: There are two types of error, which are as follows Type I : Reject the null hypothesis when it is…

Q: 1. Aresearcher wanted to know if there is a relationship between level of anxiety students have and…

A: the hypothesis for correlation test is  H0: there is no correlation between the level of anxiety…

Q: Explain the significance of Hypothesis Testing?

A:

Q: What is the outcome and the conclusion of this test?

A: a) Option F t sampling distribution because the population is normal, and standard deviation is…

Q: observational

A: Given, Q.1 Some researchers have noted that adolescents who spend a lot of time playing video or…

Q: Biostatistics is integral to the practice of public health because it allows public health…

A: Biostatistics can be used in descriptive and inferential statistics.

Q: What is the relationship between an alternative and a null hypothesis?

A: Note: Hi there! Thank you for posting the questions. As there are several independent questions.…

Q: What is the difference between the predictor variable and the criterion variable?

A: In theory of statistics, dependent variable is the criterion or response variable.

Q: Explain two reasons why the research hypothesis is not tested directly.

A: the null hypothesis is a neutral statement about a population parameter that is never proved or…

Q: What is the difference between an extraneous variable and a confounding variable?

A: The following are the difference between the Extraneous variable and the Confounding variable .

Q: What do you mean by Instrumental Variables Estimators in relation to quasi-experiment?

A: An instrumental variable (IV) is the variable that is used in regression analysis to estimate the…

Q: Describe about the Why the Research Hypothesis Isn’t Tested Directly.

A: The null hypothesis is a neutral statement about a population parameter that is never proved or…

Q: Explain the difference between a one-tailed and two-tailed significance test. When is it appropriate…

A: A significance hypothesis test is a very important part in statistics.

Q: In a study to test if the mean score is less than an average of 75, the null hypothesis that the…

A: Type II error: The probability of fail to reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis…

Q: Explain how you may utilize confidence intervals to diagnose the output of a process (or a process)…

A: A confidence interval is a range of characteristics, confined above and below the measurement's…

Q: Describe how we can enhance the potential validity (internal and external) of a qualitative research…

A: In order to enhance the potential validity of a quality research project, both internal and…

Q: What can researchers do to ensure their survey is valid? Why is this important? What are the…

A: Validity means that researcher’s findings truly represent the phenomenon they are claiming to…