Answered: Discuss the basic structure and role of…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Question

Discuss the basic structure and role of nervous tissue.

Expert Solution

Step 1

The nervous system has two main part that is the central nervous system which connects with brain and spinal cord and peripheral nervous system which connect other part of the body to Central nervous system. Peripheral nervous system consists of the somatic and autonomic nervous system and all the nerves fall under this category.

Step 2

Structure: Nervous tissues contain nerve cells and glial cells. Glial cells or neuroglial cells are located in the outer membrane of the axon. The nerve cells comprises majority of the nervous tissue portion and the basic structure of nerve cells contains:Cell body,dendrites and axon

The Cell body act as a genetic and metabolic center of the neuron. It is consists of a nucleus and stores energy through some organelles in it such as mitochondria

Dendrites are the tree-like structure that communicates with the cell body of a neuron. It receives electrochemical impulses from another neuron
Axon is a tale-like structure join with the neuron through the junction known as axon hillock. It transmits the electrochemical impulses away from the cell body and also communicates with other neurons.

The role of nervous tissue are

Nervous tissues help in the transmission of electrical impulses throughout the body.It receives the signal from another neuron and transmits those signals through the axon to another neuron.
It is responsible for the contraction of a muscle in thebody. It helps to relay motor signals to the msucels which aid in their contraction.
Neuroglial cells within the nerve tissue help to protect neurons and maintain homeostasis.