Different forms of a gene is called genotype allele phenotype homologous chromosome If the Diploid number (2n) of chromosomes in Carrots is 18, the haploid number (n) is 36 18 27 4+
Oogenesis
The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase.
Cell Division
Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons:
Sir Gregor Mendel was a priest and a teacher who did the famous hybridization experiment on garden pea plants. Mendel presented his work in a paper entitled “Experiments in plant hybridization” at the meeting of the natural history society of Brunn. Mendel gave various postulates regarding the inheritance of characters and these postulates later became the law of Mendel. The three laws given by Mendel are the law of dominance, the law of segregation, and the law of independent assortment.
Chromosomes are filamentous bodies present in the nucleus. They are composed of DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) coiled around histone proteins. All the chromosomes have a constricted region called primary constriction or centromere. The centromere divides the chromosomes into two parts and each part is called an arm. The shorter arm is called as "p" arm and the longer arm is called as "q" arm. Chromosomes have the ability to self replicate and play a very important role in heredity, variation, and evolution. All the individuals of a species generally have the same number of chromosomes.
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