Determine the value of the decision parameter p for the Bresenham's circle drawing method. The algorithm for drawing a circle developed by Bresenham is presented in step-by-step format.

- .is Complete history of everything that the agent has ever perceived. * Percept percept sequence Agent functions None

Start with a pile of n stones and successively split a pile into two smaller piles until each pile has only one Each time a split happens, multiply the number of stones in each of the two smaller piles. (For example, if a pile has 15 stones and you split it into a pile of 7 and another pile of 8 stones, multiply 7 and 8.)  The goal of this problem is to show that no matter how the  pile of n  stones are split, the sum of the products computed at each split is equal to n(n - 1)/2. Using strong mathematical induction, prove that no matter how the pile of n stones are split, the sum of the products computed at each split is equal to n(n - 1)/2.

The following code is implementing a Treasure map use the A* algorithm to find the shortest path between two points in a map.  It appears that the initial compare looks at the f_cost and decides that we are at the point in the map and exits the routine and prints only the starting point.  I'm not sure how to fix it, any help would get appreciated.  Example of the output from the following Python program: start place = (0, 0) Treasure location: (29, 86)  Path to treasure:(0, 0) Python Code: import heapqimport random class Tile:    def __init__(self, x, y):        self.x = x        self.y = y        self.is_obstacle = False        self.g_cost = 0        self.h_cost = 0        self.f_cost = 0        self.parent = None     # Define comparison methods for Tile objects based on their f_cost    def __lt__(self, other):        return self.f_cost < other.f_cost     def __eq__(self, other):        return self.f_cost == other.f_cost class Map:    def __init__(self, width, height):…

Overview One of the oldest methods for computing the square root e of a number is the Babylonian Method e. The Babylonian Method uses an iterative algorithm to make successively more accurate estimates of a number's square root. The algorithm stops iterating when the estimate shows no further sign of improvement, or when the estimate is within some acceptable margin of error. The acceptable margin of error is often called an epsilon. Assuming that you need to solve for the square root of x, the algorithm works as follows. 1. Choose an epsilon value that determines how close your solution should be to the actual square root value before you decide it is "good enough." Because this assignment asks you to solve for the square root to three decimal places, we can safely set the epsilon value to 0.0001 (four decimal places). This guarantees that our solution will be accurate to the precision we need to display to the screen. 2. Choose an initial estimate e for the square root of x. An easy…