States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Determine the enthalpy of vaporization, in kJ/mol, of C₆H₁₄ if 14.5 kJ of heat is needed to vaporize 0.500 moles of C₆H₁₄.
What amount of heat, in kJ, is required to vaporize 115.00 g of ethanol (C₂H₅OH)? (∆Hvap = 43.3 kJ/mol)
What amount of heat, in kJ, would be involved in condensing 15.8 g of CH₃OH? (∆Hvap = 38.0 kJ/mol)
A balloon is filled to a volume of 1.50 L with 3.00 moles of gas at 25 °C. With pressure and temperature held constant, what will be the volume of the balloon if 0.30 moles of gas are added?
A weather balloon calibrated at 0.00 °C to have a volume of 20.0 L has what volume at -14.3 °C assuming pressure is held constant?
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