Determine (a) the lateral earth pressure distribution for the braced cut analysis (including shape and value of earth pressure), (b) the strut loads for the horizontal supports of the braced cut. The lateral spacing, S,between the struts is 3 m. (c) Determine the factor of safety against bottom heave, if the length and width of the excavation are 20 m and 15 m,respectively, and the depth of the bottom of the excavation to the gravel layer is 6 m.

Solve for the ultimate bearing capacity (both drained and undrained loading conditions) of a strip footing 2m in width, with its base at a depth of 1.5 m below ground surface and resting on saturated clay soil with the following properties: saturated unit weight = 20 kN/m?; ca = 40 KN/m², ou=0; c' = 10 kPa; d'= 20°. The water table is at 1 m depth below ground level. Use Terzaghi bearing capacity equation with Meyerhof s Bearing Capacity Factors.

Sand layer, excavation depth of 12 m, retaining wall penetrating into the depth of 8 m below the excavation surface, three layers of support (underground depths of 2 m, 6 m, 10 m), and YSP-III steel sheet piles for retaining wall (Ma = 26.2 t‐m/m) (without considering groundwater effects)Using Terzaghi-Peck apparent earth pressure, calculate the support axial force (5 m spacing), the retaining wall bending moment, and calculate the safety factor of the penetration depth *Explain the detailed calculation steps and related assumptions

A sheet pile retaining wall is to be designed to stabilise 3m high excavation. The soil parameters are O'cs = 30° and Ybulk = 17.5 kN/m³. Check if 5.5m of wall penetration would be adequate for the wall stability. Use FSM method.