detect. Just imagine one pairs of cars of the same

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Suppose chemical engineers wish to compare the fuel economy obtained by two different formulations of gasoline. Since fuel economy varies widely from car to car, if t
mean fuel economy of two independent samples of vehicles run on the two types of fuel were compared, even if one formulation were better than the other the larg
variability from vehicle to vehicle might make any difference arising from difference in fuel difficult to detect. Just imagine one random sample having many more larg
vehicles than the other. Instead of independent random samples, it would make more sense to select pairs of cars of the same make and model and driven under simila
circumstances, and compare the fuel economy of the two cars in each pair. Thus the data would look something like Table 9.3.1, where the first car in each pair is operatec
on one formulation of the fuel (call it Type 1 gasoline) and the second car is operated on the second (call it Type 2 gasoline).
Table 9.3.1: Fuel Economy of Pairs of Vehicles
Make and Model
Car 1
Car 2
Buick LaCrosse
17.0
17.0
Dodge Viper
13.2
12.9
Honda CR-Z
35.3
35.4
Hummer H 3
13.6
13.2
Lexus RX
32.7
32.5
Mazda CX-9
18.4
18.1
Saab 9-3
22.5
22.5
Toyota Corolla
26.8
26.7
Volvo XC 90
15.1
15.0
Transcribed Image Text:Suppose chemical engineers wish to compare the fuel economy obtained by two different formulations of gasoline. Since fuel economy varies widely from car to car, if t mean fuel economy of two independent samples of vehicles run on the two types of fuel were compared, even if one formulation were better than the other the larg variability from vehicle to vehicle might make any difference arising from difference in fuel difficult to detect. Just imagine one random sample having many more larg vehicles than the other. Instead of independent random samples, it would make more sense to select pairs of cars of the same make and model and driven under simila circumstances, and compare the fuel economy of the two cars in each pair. Thus the data would look something like Table 9.3.1, where the first car in each pair is operatec on one formulation of the fuel (call it Type 1 gasoline) and the second car is operated on the second (call it Type 2 gasoline). Table 9.3.1: Fuel Economy of Pairs of Vehicles Make and Model Car 1 Car 2 Buick LaCrosse 17.0 17.0 Dodge Viper 13.2 12.9 Honda CR-Z 35.3 35.4 Hummer H 3 13.6 13.2 Lexus RX 32.7 32.5 Mazda CX-9 18.4 18.1 Saab 9-3 22.5 22.5 Toyota Corolla 26.8 26.7 Volvo XC 90 15.1 15.0
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