Design a cavity wall (specify thickness of the wall, mortar to be used, strength of masonry, strength of units, and if the wall needs to be grouted or not) for the top story of a 6-story office building in Galveston, Texas. The outer wythe has a vertical span of 11 feet and a horizontal span (simply supported) of 20 feet. The inner wythe has a vertical span of 10 feet and a horizontal span (simply supported) of 18.5 feet. Assume a uniform story height of 11 feet. Use the wind design provisions of ASCE 7-16 (consider cladding pressures as the governing wind pressure). Use an outer wythe of standard modular brick, and an inner wythe of hollow or grouted CMU. Use Type S portland cement- lime mortar

Where should the primary longitudinal reinforcement be placed in a cantilever beam? Near the top of the beam In the middle of the beam Near the bottom of the beam Both near the top and near the bottom

The reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall is made with 3000 psi normal weight concrete and reinforced with Grade 60 galvanized steel. the main reinforcement rests flexural stresses in the stem and is specified as #7 bars every 18 inches along the length of the wall. The distribution seal distributes stresses along the length of the wall and is specified as #4 bars at 12 I spacing. The concrete cover is 1.5 everywhere. Calculate the developmental length for the main reinforcement using the basic equation (ACI 318 -19: 25.4.2.4). Assume no transverse reinforcement Ktr-->0). Is the main reinforcement embedded deeply enough in the footing to fully develop its yield strength in tension?

What is the stage before failure of an axially loaded prestressed member?