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- Compare the role of notochord in the early development of vertebrates and invertebrates.Describe adaptations in the circulatory and neurosensory systems of cephalopods that are particularly valuable for actively swimming, predaceous animalsDescribe the general characteristics of mollusks. Describe the general characteristics of annelids. Describe the general characteristics of arthropods. Describe the characteristics echinoderms have in common. Note which animals are the invertebrate chordates.
- What can be inferred about the evolution of the cranium and the vertebral column from examining hagfishes and lampreys?The largest cycloneuralians are also the only ones with external fertilization. Which phylum is this? Explain the relationship between adult body size, mode of fertilization, and type of larval development in marine invertebrates.. Recognize the general structural and functional features ofkidneys that are common to all vertebrates.
- What is meant when it is said that beings of the phylum Annelida are vascular beings? From which other phyla of the animal kingdom does this feature differentiate them?Which is the chordate classconsidered an evidence of thetransition of the vertebratesfrom the aquatic to the dryland environment?1. Define sessile. Name an invertebrate with a sessile adult stage. 2. Sponges have specialized cells called collar cells. Describe how collar cells are specialized for the functions they serve. 3. What is a nematocyst? What is its function? 4. How do coral reefs form? 5. How do free-living nematodes contribute to the carbon cycle? 6. Describe the basic body plan of a mollusk. 7. What are gills? What is their function?