Describe the importance of metadata in data warehousing, including its role in data governance and query optimization.

Explain the concept of "cloud-native data" and how it differs from traditional data management approaches.

Explain the concept of data lineage in the context of data warehousing and its importance for data governance.

Define complex data types in the context of database management systems and give examples of commonly used complex data types.

Describe the concept of database transactions and their importance in maintaining data consistency.

Explain the concept of database indexing in-depth, including various types of indexes and their impact on query optimization. Provide examples of scenarios where specific types of indexes are advantageous.