Describe the design of the study and what would be another study design that could have been used and create an APA 7 style table comparing the two designs using pros and cons.    2. Identify the main research question and associated hypothesis and identify the primary effect the study was designed to measure. 3. Explain why or why not the research question, study design, and primary effect are consistent with each other.   Study reason To determine factors that explain the higher Black:White cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates among US adults. Methods. We analyzed data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study from 2003 to 2017 to estimate Black:White hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD mortality within subgroups younger than 65 years and aged 65 years or older. Results. Among 29 054 participants, 41.0% who were Black and 54.9% who were women, 1549 CVD deaths occurred. Among participants younger than 65 years, the demographic-adjusted Black:White CVD mortality HR was 2.23 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.87, 2.65) and 1.21 (95% CI = 1.00, 1.47) after full adjustment. Among participants aged 65 years or older, the demographic-adjusted Black:White CVD mortality HR was 1.58 (95% CI = 1.39, 1.79) and 1.12 (95% CI = 0.97, 1.29) after full adjustment. When we used mediation analysis, socioeconomic status explained 21.2% (95% CI = 13.6%, 31.4%) and 38.0% (95% CI = 20.9%, 61.7%) of the Black:White CVD mortality risk difference among participants younger than 65 years and aged 65 years or older, respectively. CVD risk factors explained 56.6% (95% CI = 42.0%, 77.2%) and 41.3% (95% CI = 22.9%, 65.3%) of the Black:White CVD mortality difference for participants younger than 65 years and aged 65 years or older, respectively. Conclusions. The higher Black:White CVD mortality risk is primarily explained by racial differences in socioeconomic status and CVD risk factors.

1. Describe the design of the study and what would be another study design that could have been used and create an APA 7 style table comparing the two designs using pros and cons. 

2. Identify the main research question and associated hypothesis and identify the primary effect the study was designed to measure.

3. Explain why or why not the research question, study design, and primary effect are consistent with each other.

Study reason To determine factors that explain the higher Black:White cardiovascular
disease (CVD) mortality rates among US adults.
Methods. We analyzed data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences
in Stroke study from 2003 to 2017 to estimate Black:White hazard ratios (HRs) for
CVD mortality within subgroups younger than 65 years and aged 65 years or older.
Results. Among 29 054 participants, 41.0% who were Black and 54.9% who were
women, 1549 CVD deaths occurred. Among participants younger than 65 years, the
demographic-adjusted Black:White CVD mortality HR was 2.23 (95% confidence interval
[CI] = 1.87, 2.65) and 1.21 (95% CI = 1.00, 1.47) after full adjustment. Among participants
aged 65 years or older, the demographic-adjusted Black:White CVD mortality HR was
1.58 (95% CI = 1.39, 1.79) and 1.12 (95% CI = 0.97, 1.29) after full adjustment. When we
used mediation analysis, socioeconomic status explained 21.2% (95% CI = 13.6%, 31.4%)
and 38.0% (95% CI = 20.9%, 61.7%) of the Black:White CVD mortality risk difference
among participants younger than 65 years and aged 65 years or older, respectively. CVD
risk factors explained 56.6% (95% CI = 42.0%, 77.2%) and 41.3% (95% CI = 22.9%, 65.3%)
of the Black:White CVD mortality difference for participants younger than 65 years and
aged 65 years or older, respectively.
Conclusions. The higher Black:White CVD mortality risk is primarily explained by racial
differences in socioeconomic status and CVD risk factors.