Describe the concept of Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) and its advantages over IPv4 in the context of addressing and communication.

Describe the purpose and functioning of routing protocols like OSPF and BGP in the context of large-scale networks.

Communications protocols for the transport layer Complicating factors of modern network TCP and UPD use

The sections that follow explain the distinction between network applications and application layer protocols.

Explain the concepts of IPv4 and IPv6 in network addressing. What challenges and benefits are associated with the transition from IPv4 to IPv6?

For LANs, the TCP/IP protocol serves an important Provide an explanation using two case studies.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a suite of protocols that controls the way information travels from location to location across a network or the Internet. The protocols perform a wide array of functions. From the perspective of penetration testing, why is it important to understand TCP/IP and the layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?

This section goes into further detail on the distinctions between network applications and application layer protocols.

What is the role of the Transport layer in both the OSI and TCP/IP models?

Provide an overview of common transport layer protocols such as TCP and UDP, and their respective use cases.