Describe how ANP is regulated and how it opposes the action of the other three hormones (angiotensin II, ADH, and aldosterone).
Describe how ANP is regulated and how it opposes the action of the other three hormones (angiotensin II, ADH, and aldosterone).
ANP is atrial natriuretic peptide is a peptide hormone whicj is secreted in humans by the cells of the cardiac muscle in the atria walls. ANP interacts with many hormones although it is mainly associated with the heart and the kidneys. It also interacts with the adrenal gland.
The main function of this hormone can be described as controlling more specifically lowering the blood pressure as well as control of homeostasis.
As fluid volume and blood volume are related a change in any of them can cause a change in the blood pressure. This hormone is secreted when there is increase in the blood volume and it has its target in the kidneys and there it causes the re absorption of sodium which will cause more sodium to be eliminated from the body. This in turn causes fluid volume to decrease causing decrease in blood volume and eventually blood pressure.
ANP has its action on the blood vessels too and as it helps in their dilation the blood pressure is lowered. ANP causes the afferent arteriole to vasodilate and this increases blood flow to the glomerulus which will increase the volume of filtrate produced by the kidneys. This leads to exit of more salt ans water from the kidneys leading to lowering of blood pressure.
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