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A:
Describe five features of mammalian respiratory surfaces that allow for a maximum possible rate of diffusion.
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- Outline the ways in which mammalian hemoglobinsimultaneously plays important roles in O2 transport, CO2transport, and control of blood pH.Figure 39.7 Which of the following statements about the mammalian respiratory system is false? When we breathe in, air travels from the pharynx to the trachea. The bronchioles branch into bronchi. Alveolar ducts connect to alveolar sacs. Gas exchange between the lung and blood takes place in the alveolus.Describe two features of the gills of aquatic animals thatfavor diffusion of O2 and CO2.
- Gas transport in mammalian bodies happens through the alternation of two processes. In the circulatory system gasses are transported by To pass into the tissues gases are transported by ...consilience; ...osmosis () ...circulation; ...active transport ) .conduction; ..diffusion O..convection ...diffusion O O OOWhat is the role of carbon dioxide in the control of rate and depth of mammalian breathing?Identify 3 physical conditions that can optimize rate of diffusion of a gas across a membrane, and relate these to Fick’s Law of Diffusion. Please describe 3 ways animal respiratory systems have evolved in order to maximize the exchange of O2and CO2across their membranes.
- 1. Gas exchange in terrestrial versus aquatic environments follows similar physical laws but there are also important differences. Using Fick's law, identify the MAIN factor that is different between these two environments? a) Everything is different in water b) Barrier thickness c) Diffusion coefficient d) Diffusion rate 2. Gills are used by most aquatic invertebrates for gas exchange. What are some of the characteristics they have that make them and ideal gas exchange organ? Select all that apply. a) They are highly folded (increasing surface area) b) They are never used in hypoxic environments (increasing concentration gradient) c) They are only possessed by small organisms (decreasing length) d) They are thin-walled (decreasing barrier thickness).Name the airways in the mammalian lung. What are their functions? How does air enter and leave the lung?Please describe 3 ways animal respiratory systems have evolved in order to maximize the exchange of O2and CO2across their membranes.
- Describe 2 factors that contribute to the efficiency of gas exchange in fish gills. Why are fish gills the most efficient of all respiratory organs?Describe the role of each of the following in insectrespiration: hemolymph, tracheae, tracheoles, spiracles,air sacs, tracheal gills.Regarding oxygen transport, deduce the specificadditional step that must occur in animals with a closedcirculatory system, compared to those with an open system.