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Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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- Describe each of the following processes as endothermic or exothermic:
- The process of water changing phase from liquid to gas (vaporization)
- The process of mixing concentrated acid with water in a beaker, where you note that the outside of the beaker becomes warm
- The process of forming ice cubes from liquid water (freezing)
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- Explain the concept of specific heat and how the specific heat of water enables the human body to remain at a relatively constant temperature. Use details to support your answer.arrow_forwardWhat are some examples of exothermic and endothermic reactions or processes you've seen in real life aside from hot and cold packs?arrow_forwardCarbohydrates serve as a vital source of chemical energy to the human body. Carbohydrates are broken down into smaller units of glucose, among other sugars, providing energy to various muscles and organs, including the brain. On average, for every 9.00 g of carbohydrates consumed, the body will store 153 kJ of energy. Convert this energy value to kilocalories (kcal). 153 kJ = kcalarrow_forward
- Expressing amounts of energy in different energy units is necessary to solve many chemistry problems. For practice, complete the following table. The Joule (J) is the SI unit of energy. 1 calorie (cal) = 4.184 J J cal kJ 549 197 0.806arrow_forwardA 4.81 g sample of an unknown salt (MM = 116.82 g/mol) is dissolved in 150.00 g water in a coffee cup calorimeter. Before placing the sample in the water, the temperature of the salt and water is 23.72°C. After the salt has completely dissolved, the temperature of the solution is 28.54°C. If 3.12 × 10³ J of heat was gained by the solution, what is the total heat for the dissolution reaction of the 4.81 g of salt? How many moles of the unknown salt were used in the reaction ? _______ J?arrow_forwardAlexia determined the mass of her empty Styrofoam cup calorimeter was 1.0698 g. She then added distilled water to the cup and weighed it again. The combined mass of the cup + water was 33.2191 g. What is the mass of water, in g, in Alexia's cup?arrow_forward
- When substances are dissolved in water, they can absorb or release heat. Describe how you would use a calorimeter to determine the amount of heat required or released to when 10 grams of sugar is dissolved in 100 grams of water. Describe how you would calculate the heat absorbed or released by the sugar with the data you collect. (Do no perform any calculations.)arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about an exothermic process? O An exothermic process feels hot to touch An exothermic process absorbs energy from the surroundings An exothermic reaction has products that are higher in energy than the reactants O An exothermic process feels cold to touch O More than one of these statements are truearrow_forward1. A thermometer placed in a solution undergoing a chemical reaction indicates an increase in temperature as the reaction proceeds. Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? Describe if heat energy is lost or gained from the reaction (the system) to the surroundings. What is the sign of the enthalpy change (AH) of this reaction? 2. A student performs a reaction and determines the enthalpy change (AH) to be 31.4 kJ. Will the temperature of the surrounding solution increase or decrease as a result of this chemical process? 3. If you hold 3 grams of ice in your hand at room temperature, your hand will become cold. a) Is the reaction H,O(s) – H,O(1) endothermic or exothermic? b) In which direction does heat flow?arrow_forward
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