Define the following terms:a. vitamin B12b. blood-brain barrierc. neurotransmitterd. serotonine. pernicious anemia
Q: Define the following terms:a. excitatory neurotransmitterb. inhibitory neurotransmitterc. retrograde…
A: Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit a signal from a neuron across the synapse to…
Q: Does baclofen cross blood-brain-barrier or not? What is a major clinical application for baclofen?
A: Semipermeable membrane made up of endothelial cells is known as The blood-brain barrier (BBB). This…
Q: After someone has had a stroke, what kind of drug might be helpful, and which brain areas should…
A: KEY WORDS :- Stroke - It happens when blood supply to a particular area in brain got interrupted or…
Q: Which of the following drug classifications can be given to hypertensive patients? Choose five.…
A: Antihypertensives are a major form of treatment for patients suffering from hypertension. We have a…
Q: Which of the following agents is used in treating atropine poisoning? a. Carbachol b.…
A: Drug therapy aids in the treatment of various medical conditions by the administration of a drug…
Q: Which of the following statements is false? a. The sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine…
A: The sympathetic nervous system works in stress and parasympathetic in nonstress conditions.
Q: Seizures arise due to abnormal asynchronous electrical discharges from millions of neurons in the…
A: A seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain. It can cause changes in…
Q: Give FOUR criteria for identifying a substance as a neurotransmitter.
A: Introduction A neuron releases a signalling chemical called a neurotransmitter across a synaptic…
Q: Identify one major advantage and one disadvantage of having a blood–brain barrier.
A: Anatomy and physiology are the branches of biology, anatomy deals with the study of the structure of…
Q: Strokes are often caused by ________. a. neurodegeneration b. blood clots or burst blood vessels c.…
A: Stroke symptoms include: Paralysis Numbness or weakness in the arm, face, and leg, especially on…
Q: Activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes: a. increased blood flow into the skin b. a…
A: The component of the peripheral nervous system that serves as a control system and generally…
Q: Describe the Glasgow coma scale. Include in your description when to use the scale.
A: Consciousness is a state where the person is mentally and physically aware and responds to external…
Q: Which of the following can lead to impaired neurological function in clients with increased…
A: Increased intracranial pressure due to bleeding from the brain, tumor, stroke, aneurysm, high blood…
Q: autonomic system and identify the neurotransmitters and receptors such as dopamine,norephinephrine…
A: The autonomic nervous system is responsible for controlling involuntary movements aids in the…
Q: What is the difference between signs and symptoms
A: Health and illness There are numerous elements that have an impact on health and illness. Health is…
Q: Name two ways by which neurotransmitter can be eliminated
A: The synapse must be cleared before synaptic transmission may occur.
Q: Which of the following has the fewest side effects? A. Deep brain stimulation B.…
A: Brain is a complex structure which control and coordinates different body function by the cells…
Q: Answer briefly. 1.3 Why are alcoholics prone to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?
A: Wernicke encephalopathy causes brain damage in lower parts of the brain called the thalamus and…
Q: Define the following terms: a. lecithin b. phosphatidylcholine c. cardiolipin d. GPI anchors e.…
A: Lecithin is a fat required in the cells of the body. Phosphatidylcholine is a chemical present in…
Q: Do you consider a person in coma living or dead?
A: On earth, life exists based on certain processes and functions. To maintain the proper functioning…
Q: Why would a renal function tests and CSF examination be ordered for a client with sickle cell…
A: Sickle Cell Anemia is a genetic disease in which a genetic mutation results in formation of abnormal…
Q: Many drugs work by interfering with the inactivation of neurotransmitters once they gave been…
A: The body possesses several chemical messengers which are known as neurotransmitters. These…
Q: Distinguish between Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD)…
A: Alzheimers disease It is a progressive neurological disorder which results in brain to sink and…
Q: Briefly explain the consequence of the following structures.
A: Plasma membrane is a protective layer of the cells. Plasma membrane allows the movement of molecules…
Q: The mainstay of therapy for anaphylactic shock is: O Epinephrine Dobutamine Norepinephrine O…
A: A disease is an abnormal condition that affects the structure or function of an organism and is…
Q: Discuss the structures that any synthetic medication should first travel through before acting on…
A: The blood-cerebrum hindrance (BBB) forestalls the mind take-up of most drugs. This property emerges…
Q: EXAMPLES OF AMIDES THAT IS USED CLINICALLY TO TREAT SOME CNS DISORDERS. WHAT ARE THEIR TOXIC LEVEL,…
A: Amides are drugs which contain amide group in it and used as local anesthetics to relive from…
Q: Among the followings which does not indicate the stimulation of parasympathetic system? A.…
A: Nervous system is the main system which helps in control and coordination of the body. It is divided…
Q: Child presents with hypotonia and seizures. It was confirmed to be Zellweger syndrome. Which of the…
A: Zellweger's syndrome , also known as cerebrohepatorenal syndrome , occurs in individuals with…
Q: Which underlying cause is most associated with the development of epileptic seizures? a.…
A: A seizure occurs as a result of a disturbance in the electrical impulses in the brain. It alters the…
Q: . Thiamine deficiency does not cause: a. Wernicke encephalopathy b. Peripheral neuropathy c. Magenta…
A: Thiamine , also known as vitamin B1 , helps the body to produce energy from carbohydrates , also…
Q: Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter. Which disease or disorder results when the neurons in the…
A: Neurons communicate with each other and with the controlled organs by passing an electric current…
Q: Why is it difficult to identify the cause of many nervous system disorders? a. The genes associated…
A: Introduction Complex organisms such as multicellular organisms need control and coordination between…
Q: a clinical use of nicotinic antagonists
A: Nicotinic antagonist are type of anti cholinergic drugs that blocks the action of acetylcholine.
Define the following terms:
a. vitamin B12
b. blood-brain barrier
c. neurotransmitter
d. serotonin
e. pernicious anemia
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- Define neuroplasticity. Discuss its importance and its role in treating nerve injuries such as stroke. ONE- TWO PARAGRAPH/S.Kemi is a 26-year-old lady with a diagnosis of bi – polar affective disorder. She has a 10-month-old baby and has recently disclosed to the care team that she is taking cocaine a few times a week to help her stay awake, as the baby is keeping her up at night. She hasn’t disclosed her diagnosis of BPAD to her family but is now complaining of chest pain which she finds worrying. a. Explain your understanding of the Cardiac system? b. Explain why Kemi’s mental and physical health may impact on each other and why this is important to consider? c. What interventions would you suggest(please provide a rationale)?Define the following concepts: Insight: Euphoria: Anhedonia:
- Define the following concepts: Logorrhea: Catatonia: Mutism:Define the following terms and include histologic changes causing/contributory to the disorder. 1. Epilepsy2. Multiple Sclerosis3. Transient Ischemic Attack4. Parkinson’s Disease5. Cerebrovascular Accidentwhat cells are affected by drugs that have chronotropic effects ?
- Define the term epilepsy.Discuss the structures that any synthetic medication should first travel through before acting on the central nervous system. Explain the physiological processes involved and why these anatomical structures are necessary.Give five drugs/medications that cause adverse central nervoussystem reactions and affects the cognitive function in critically ill patients.Discuss briefly and concisely the mechanism of action of each drug. Include your references.
- Stroke is best defined as: lack of oxygen to the brain resulting from a blockage or rupture of blood vessels. Lack of oxygen primarily to digestive system. Lack of red blood cells to white blood cells. Lack of blood vessels of the appropriate size in brain.how does mixed Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, atrial fibrillation (AF), hypercholesterolemia, high falls risk, pacemaker (PPM), Oedema, urinary incontinence, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, total hip replacement – left, vision impaired, cognitive deficit impact on a person in their everyday life?Given that Susan has cancer, the decision is made to immediately begin behavioral treatment in conjunction with varenicline (Chantix). What are the most likely reasons that varenicline was chosen for pharmacological intervention for Susan?