Define the following terms:a. nascentb. signal hypothesisc. posttranslational modificationd. context-dependent codon reassignmente. diphthamide

Q: What would be the direct consequence to a cell of loss-of-function of Elongation Factor-Tu (EF-Tu)?…

A: EF-Tu is a highly conserved elongation factor in prokaryotes. It catalyzes the binding of tRNA…

Q: Evaluate the following statements. Which one statement is false?

A: Answer: Central Dogma : It is the complete process of replication , transcription and translation of…

Q: Transcription factors usually contain one or more motifs that play key roles in their function. What…

A: A transcription factor is a sequence specific DNA-binding factor and upon binding to the DNA…

Q: Explain how it is possible that some tRNA molecules recognize more than one codon

A: Introduction: The process of translation involves the synthesis of the polypeptide chain with the…

Q: Use the bank of terms listed to label all important structures of the diagram of the translation…

A: According to the given translation complex diagram, the structures present are 131 - Polypeptide 132…

Q: - Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is a rare hereditary cancer disease due to a mutation in the TP53 gene.…

A: P53 is a transcription factor and is a tumor suppressor protein synthesized by tp53 gene. P53…

Q: Define . Nonsense codon  as they apply to the genetic code

A: Codons are the triplet of nucleotides present in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic…

Q: 1)post translational  processing of polypeptide chains including…

A: Protein synthesis or translation is the process by which mRNA is translated into protein using tRNA…

Q: One of the challenges of studying RNA is the rapid degeneration of RNA. While the half-life of mRNA…

A: A rod-shaped, Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic coliform bacteria of the genus Escherichia,…

Q: Protein X is a soluble, secreted protein. It has an N-terminal ER import sequence that allows it to…

A: The proteins residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are translated on membrane-associated…

Q: Most of the mutations that Yanofsky recovered were missense mutations. However, Yanofsky also…

A: Hypothesis is basically a proposed explanation for any naturally occurring phenomenon in the…

Q: Explain post-translational modification of proteins in general with the types of reactions. Provide…

A: Ans:--PMT's are enzymatic , covalent chemical modification of protiens that typically occur ofter…

Q: A shortened version (apo B-48) of apolipoprotein B is formed by the intestine, whereas the…

A: Chylomicrons are a type of lipoprotein particles made up of phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins,…

Q: The following RNA sequence represents a small messenger which can be translated in a prokaryotic…

A: The first step in translating an RNA sequence into a protein is to divide the sequence into codons,…

Q: Which of the following is the MRNA coding for the peptide trp-met-gly- ser-his? A.…

A: The genetic codes are the sequence of nucleotide that governs the formation of proteins.

Q: Fill in the Table  Broad Topic: Specific Topic: What is known: Experimental Question:…

A: This work explores single-cell level gene expression mistakes in Bacillus subtilis. The study looks…

Q: Which of the following terms refer to the case when a mutation results in a significant decrease or…

A: The chenge in DNA sequence of an organisms is known as mutation.

Q: Explain the term posttranslational modifications?

A: Translation refer to the process in which synthesis of protein occurs from an mRNA molecule.

Q: Which of the following statements is/are TRUE about the difference between prokaryotic and…

A: Introduction Translation is the process by which protein is synthesized with the help of…

Q: Complete each of the following statements by selecting from the bank of terms below. a. tRNA b.…

A: 81)Redundancy 82)Universal  83)Elongation  84)Promotor 85)RNA processing  86)snRNA 87)tRNA

Q: Genetically engineered mRNAs that code for a stretch of basic residues, such as poly(Lys), induce…

A: Genetics is the branch of biology, which deals with the study of genes, their pattern of…

Q: In 1964, Nirenberg and Leder used the triplet binding assay to determine specific codon assignments.…

A: In 1964 Nirenberg and Philip Leder, a postdoctoral fellow at NIH, discovered a way to determine the…

Q: Mutations that occur at the end of a gene may alter the sequence of the gene and prevent…

A: Transcription is one of the defined steps of gene expression and precisely refers to the formation…

Q: Below is a diagram of charged tRNAs in the active site of the ribosome during translation of the…

A: Translation is the process of synthesis of protein. It takes place in the cytoplasm.

Q: A missense mutation is a mutation in which: a. one nucleotide in a codon is changed, but the codon…

A:

Q: . a. What are all the transversions that can be made starting with the codon CGG?b. Which of these…

A: In molecular biology, a point mutation in DNA occurs when a single (two ring) purine (A or G) is…

Q: three different types of loss of function mutations and in each case explain how the mutation exerts…

A: A mutation is any alteration of the base sequence of the DNA or RNA. Since mutation alters the base…

Q: Using what is known about the location of introns, a methylguanosine cap, and a poly-A tail, the…

A: Answer.  In eukaryotes, transcription, and translation take place in different compartments of…

Q: You are studying a mutation in mice, which acts dominantly. Mice that have only one copy of the…

A: Definition Mutations are changes in DNA sequence. it can result from DNA copying mistakes , made…

Q: In addition to variable sites, the strucutre of a tRNA includes

A: tRNA tRNA or transfer RNA, sometimes referred as sRNA, is a adapter molecule which read the codon…

Q: Define the following terms: a. proteasome b. ubiquitination c. ubiquitin-conjugating system d.…

A: Molecular biology is the branch of science that deals with different molecules inside the body which…

Q: Define the following terms: a. open reading frame b. degenerate coding system c. nonoverlapping…

A: Note: Since you have posted a question with multiple subparts, we will solve the first three…

Q: Which type of point mutation does not affect the resulting protein? a deletion b missense mutation…

A: A mutation is any alteration or change in the sequence of the genetic material (DNA or RNA). A point…

Q: Select the three post-transcriptional modifications often seen in the processing of mRNA in…

A: 5'-capping; 3'-poly(A) tail addition; splicing

Q: Define the following terms: a. peptidyl transferase center b. GTPase associated region c. 70S…

A: Ribosomes are the molecules that plays an important role in the translation process. The translation…

Q: Which of the following is TRUE in translation? A. Amino acyl TRNA containing one amino acid is…

A: The translation is the process by which amino acids chain or polypeptide chain is produced from the…

Q: a. Give the name of the process illustrated in the figure. p. If this is part of the elongation…

A: The process through which cells produce proteins is known as protein synthesis. Transcription and…

Q: What anticodon would a suppressor tRNA have to have to suppress a 5'UAA3' stop codon?

A: A mutation in the gene that changes its anticodon loop for a tRNA molecule can "suppress" nonsense…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.