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- How could you convert butanenitrile into the following compounds? Write each step showing the reagents needed. (a) 1-Butanol (b) ButylaminePredict the products formed when cyclohexanecarbaldehyde reacts with the following reagents.(a) PhMgBr, then H3O+ (b) Tollens reagent (c) semicarbazide and weak acid(d) excess ethanol and acid (e) propane-1,3-diol, H+ (f) zinc amalgam and dilute hydrochloric acid(b) State the reagents needed to convert benzoic acid into the following compounds. (i) C6H§COCI (ii) C,H$CH2OH (iii) C6H$CONHCH3
- The odor of ripe bananas and many other fruits is due to the presence of esters. For example: Banana oil (isopentyl acetate) (a) Write the name (common or IUPAC) of the ester responsible for the fragrance of the following: pineapple, orange, apple, peach, & lavender (b) Choose one fragrant from (a) and name the alcohol and the carboxylic acid needed to synthesize this ester. (c) Show the detailed mechanism of the Fischer Esterification reaction that will be involved in the synthesis of the fragrant you have chosen in part (a).Show how to prepare pentanoic acid from each component. (a) 1-Pentanol (b) Pentanal (c) 1-Pentene (d) 1-Butanol (e) 1-Bromopropane (f) 1-HexeneDimethyl disulfide, CH,S–SCH3, found in the vaginal secretions of female hamsters, acts as a sexual attractant for the male hamster. Write an equation for its synthesis from methanethiol.
- Write a structural formula for each of the following compounds: (a) m-Chlorobenzoyl chloride (b) Trifluoroacetic anhydride (c) cis-1,2-Cyclopropanedicarboxylic anhydride (d) Ethyl cycloheptanecarboxylate (e) 1-Phenylethyl acetate (f) 2-Phenylethyl acetate (g) p-Ethylbenzamide (h) N-Ethylbenzamide (i) 2-MethylhexanenitrileHow could you convert butanenitrile into the following compounds? Write each step showing the reagents needed.(a) 1-Butanol(b) Butylamine(c) 2-Methyl-3-hexanonePhenylethanol can be oxidised to phenylethanal or phenylethanoic acid, depending on the reagents used (both the alcohol and the aldehyde are of interest for their antimicrobial properties, while the acid is used to treat type II hyperammonemia): A (a) (b) (c) CoH,CH,CHO phenylethanal B C6H5CH₂CH₂OHC₂H₂CH₂CO₂H phenylethanol Suggest reagents (shown as A and B in the scheme above) that could be used to carry out the oxidation of the alcohol to the aldehyde and the acid, respectively. C6H5CH₂- Suggest two other syntheses of phenylethanoic acid, in each case indicating the starting materials and other reagents required, but not giving details of mechanism. One of your proposed syntheses must start with a compound which only contains seven carbon atoms (the acid product contains eight carbon atoms). phenylethanoic acid Phenylethanal can be converted to a hydrate in the presence of aqueous acid, though the position of equilibrium is very far to the left: H H+/H₂O OH C6H5CH₂-C-H OH Explain why…
- Use a Grignard reaction to prepare the following alcohols. (a) 2-Methyl-2-propanol (b) 1-Methylcyclohexanol (c) 3-Methyl-3-pentanol (d) 2-Phenyl-2-butanol (e) Benzyl alcohol (f) 4-Methyl-1-pentanolPredict the major product when each reagent reacts with ethylene oxide.(a) NaOCH2CH3 (sodium ethoxide) (b) NaNH2 (sodium amide)How could you convert butanoic acid into the following compounds? Write each step showing the reagents needed. (a) 1-Butanol (b) 1-Bromobutane (c) 1-Butene