Create a flowchart explaining how a rise in blood PCO2 stimulates breathing. Include both the central and peripheral chemoreceptors in the flowchart.

Q: Write short notes on the following:   Functions of blood Anatomy of blood vessels Factors affecting…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: Explain what caused the trend that you observed when you plotted duration of voluntary apnea as a…

A: Apnea is a condition of stopped breathing that is marked by no movement of the respiratory muscles…

Q: The lungs do not normally collapse because of:

A: In the aerodynamics of the lung volume flows, there is a following rationale. Suppose there are two…

Q: Which of these statements about the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is true?a. It is higher in…

A: The measure of carbon dioxide in the artery and veins is called partial pressure of carbon dioxide…

Q: Estimate the average lung compliance in the given graph (Clue: calculate the slope

A: Lung compliance is the expanding capacity of the lungs. It can be measured by finding the slope of…

Q: pressure (true , false)

A: Exhalation can be defined as the flow of the breath out of the organism. In animals, it can be…

Q: Choose the best answer for following question Which of the following is not true of obstructive…

A: Respiration is the process by which oxygen is taken up from the atmosphere and carbon dioxide is…

Q: Describe what is meant by the term “lung compliance.”

A: Lungs are the main organ of the respiratory system that provides oxygen to the cells through the…

Q: Compare the elastic cartilage in the epiglottis to the hyaline cartilage in the trachea. Make 2-3…

A: Cartilage is a smooth elastic tissue.

Q: Describe the process of inhalation in the air pressure in the chest cavity

A: Breathing is a process mainly consist of two activities, inhalation and exhalation. It is a process…

Q: The toxins in cigarette smoke damage the cells of the tissue capillaries and also cause arterioles…

A: The oxygen dissolved in the red blood cells reached the tissues of the body. Oxygen diffuses into…

Q: Explain why chemoreceptors are important for the regulation ofventilation.

A: In physiology, a chemoreceptor detects changes in normal environment, including increase of CO2 in…

Q: Describe how wearing a corset could affect pulmonary ventilation and alveolar ventilation rate.…

A: Breathing (or ventilation) is the way toward moving air into and out of the lungs to encourage gas…

Q: Callisto has managed to escape Xena, and therefore Xena decides to rest for the night in a small…

A: Introduction  Breathing is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs in order to…

Q: The pressure inside the alveoli is less than the atmosphenic pressure

A: The air around you has weight, and it presses against everything it touches. That pressure is called…

Q: If tracheal pressure increases by 2 cmH2O (and the activity of laryngeal muscles is held constant),…

A: There is a relation between the tracheal pressure (Pt) with the fundamental frequency of…

Q: Show the values of the alveolar PO2 and PCO2 in a normal person at rest. State TWO factors that…

A: PaO2 = measured the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood. PaCO2 = measured the partial…

Q: The main pacemaker of the breathing rhythm is the _____ in the medulla oblongata.

A: Answer- Medulla oblongata is the lower part of the brain stem which helps in involuntary functions.

Q: Inspiration occurs when:

A: Respiration is the process of exchange of gases. Inspiration is the movement of air from the…

Q: When blood oxygen levels markedly decrease, what vascular response does the chemoreceptor reflex…

A: In adults, a reflex tachycardia happens when oxygen is reduced or the carbon dioxide indulge is…

Q: summarize the events that occur during normal inspiration

A: Breathing is a mechanism of gaseous exchange in higher animals. The process of breathing involves…

Q: Explain the function of central chemoreceptors.

A: Chemoreceptors are responsible for sensing changes in their environment chemical composition. The…

Q: Surfactant: a) causes a decrease in surface tension b) keeps alveoli dry c) causes an increase in…

A: Given: Surafctant is also called surface active antigen.Thise substances,which when added to the…

Q: Breathing process is controlled  by  1)Dalton's law 2)Henry's law 3)Diffusions law 4)Boyl's law

A: Answer-4). Boyle's law

Q: What changes in the FEV1/FVC would you expect to see with restrictive pulmonary disease?  Remember…

A:

Q: The chest wall transmural pressure Atmospheric pressure (Patm) = 760 mmHg -F Thoracic wall [D 756 -B…

A: The lungs are a pair of respiratory organs that comprise of the right and the left lobe and is…

Q: Write a short descriptive note on respiratory volumes and сараcities.

A: Respiration denotes the interchange of atmospheric oxygen with the carbon dioxide produced in the…

Q: Describe the impact narrowing or widening the passages of the airway would have on gas exchange.

A: The lungs are organs of the body that helps in the exchange of gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide)…

Q: Please answer both Lung compliance generally decreases as people age. If nothing else changes, how…

A: Pulmonary compliance, a parameter that indicates the lung's expandability, is critical for optimal…

Q: Which of these values would normally bethe highest?a. tidal volumeb. inspiratory reserve volumec.…

A: Breathing is described as the movement of air between the atmosphere and the lung. It involves two…

Q: Name the gas that reduces oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

A: Hemoglobin is a protein molecule found in red blood cells that help in carrying oxygen to different…

Q: The respiratory rate times the tidal volume corrected for dead space is the total lung capacity…

A: Ventilation refers to the respiratory process in which the air moves between the environment and the…

Q: Even people in “good shape” may have trouble breathing at highaltitudes. Explain how this can…

A: The number of gas molecules in the air decreases as altitude rises, making the air less dense than…

Q: trace the flow of air beginning with the air in the atmosphere and ending with the alveoli

A: Breathing occurs in two steps- 1. Inspiration- In this method we take air inside the body. 2.…

Q: Which of the following occurs for expiration to occur? a. the thoracic volume decreases b. the…

A: Respiration is the process which involves the movement of oxygen from external environment towards…

Q: A defect in type 2 alveolar cells would mostly affect Expiration Gas exchange Inspiration

A: During the act of inspiration and expiration, the alveoli can be referred to as the region which…

Q: Trace the partial pressure of oxygen from inspired air to expired air and explain each change in Po2…

A: The partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) is the amount of oxygen pressure in arterial blood vessels. It…

Q: Fill in the blank:  As a result of hyperventilation, breath-holding time is _______________________.

A: Hyperventilation is a phenomenon in which the breathing rate causes the elimination of more carbon…

Q: When ventilation is not sufficient, which of thefollowing occurs?a. The capillary constricts.b. The…

A: Ventilation, also known as breathing is a process through which air moves inside and outside the…

Q: Countercurrent flow of water and blood increases the efficiency of gas exchange in?

A: Countercurrent exchange can be defined as a mechanism in which the transferring of substance between…

Q: Which of the following will stimulate the peripheral chemoreceptors? O Polycythemia O Hypocapnia O…

A: Chemical control of breathing is carried out by chemoreceptors. The chemoreceptors are sensory nerve…

Q: Explain in detail what this picture shows which part? Bronchus

A: Structure * Bronchus are passageways to  lungs. The first bronchi is in trachea at right and left…

Q: A rapid and shallow ventilatory pattern is calledA. hyperpnea.B. apnea.C. alveolar…

A: Rapid, shallow breathing occurs when an individual takes more breaths than normal in a given minute.…

Q: Briefly explain the reason for the changes in breathing that occurred in each of the following…

A: The process of exchange of carbon dioxide produced by the cells with oxygen from the atmosphere is…

Q: Explain the four respiratory capacities that are calculated from the volume measurements.

A: Respiration is the process by which the body gets its oxygen supply. This is facilitated by a pair…

Q: Fill in the boxes with the appropriate words to complete the process of gas exchange within the…

A: a. capillary b. Oxygen c. Carbon di oxide d. alveoli e. Red Blood cells