Considering the unshared pairs of electrons on the central oxygen atom, what is the bond angle, hybrid orbitals, and name of the compound below? H H ++ C H H H H

Chemistry
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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Mastery Concept Question:
Considering the unshared pairs of electrons on the central oxygen atom, what is the bond angle, hybrid orbitals, and name of
the compound below?
H
H-C
:O:
H
David Sweet 9/14/23
H
H
David Sweet 9/14/23
Topic of Difficulty:
The topic I had difficulty understanding in this unit is the Acid-Catalyzed Addition of Alcohols to Alkenes. I found it difficult
to understand the reaction that occurs with the aid of an acid and catalyst while starting with an alkene to make an ether.
Topic of Difficulty Test Question:
Below is a reaction. What is the final product of the reaction and the product's name?
CH3
CH3C CH₂ + CH3OH
-H
acid
catalyst
?
Transcribed Image Text:Mastery Concept Question: Considering the unshared pairs of electrons on the central oxygen atom, what is the bond angle, hybrid orbitals, and name of the compound below? H H-C :O: H David Sweet 9/14/23 H H David Sweet 9/14/23 Topic of Difficulty: The topic I had difficulty understanding in this unit is the Acid-Catalyzed Addition of Alcohols to Alkenes. I found it difficult to understand the reaction that occurs with the aid of an acid and catalyst while starting with an alkene to make an ether. Topic of Difficulty Test Question: Below is a reaction. What is the final product of the reaction and the product's name? CH3 CH3C CH₂ + CH3OH -H acid catalyst ?
Expert Solution
Step 1: Organic compounds naming, hybridization, and bond angles.

Organic compounds are compounds containing C and H atoms. In addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, some other elements such as halogens, chalcogens, pnicogens, etc. are also present in some compounds. An atom or a group of atoms present in an organic compound other than C and H are called functional groups. These functional groups can affect the chemical physical properties of compounds. All the compounds with the same functional group will have similar chemical properties or reactivity. 

To name an organic compound unambiguously, IUPAC provides a set of rules. According to IUPAC, each name consists of three parts. They are root, prefix, and suffix. The root represents the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain. The prefix represents the substituents present on the parent chain. The suffix represents the functional groups and whether the organic compound is alkane, alkene, or alkyne. 

The bonding, shape, and bond angles of an organic compound can be explained using hybridization. Hybridization refers to the mixing of atomic orbitals of similar energy and shape to create orbitals of identical energy and shape. Such newly formed orbitals are called hybridized orbitals. From the hybridization, we can predict the geometry, bond angles, etc. 

Bond angles represent the angle between two bonds connected through a common atom (central atom). The bond angle also depends on the electronic interactions of the central atom. Thus, the value may be slightly different from the value predicted using hybridization. 


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