Consider the scenario where a user, Andy, wants to use their banking application to transfer funds to another user, Sam, in the same bank. To do this, Andy's application sends a message to the bank's server authorizing the transfer of funds. In the following illustration, please draw a logical diagram of the steps Andy's banking application would take to ensure that the bank's server can confirm the integrity of the incoming message and authenticate it. Your diagram should very clearly state the transformation happening to the message at each step, and the final version of the message that is sent to the bank's server. Please use the following notation. ΚΑ, ΚΑ Кв, Кв m H(m) Andy's Public Key, Andy's Private Key Bank Server's Public Key, Bank Server's Private Key Message to be transmitted Hash of a given message m
Consider the scenario where a user, Andy, wants to use their banking application to transfer funds to another user, Sam, in the same bank. To do this, Andy's application sends a message to the bank's server authorizing the transfer of funds. In the following illustration, please draw a logical diagram of the steps Andy's banking application would take to ensure that the bank's server can confirm the integrity of the incoming message and authenticate it. Your diagram should very clearly state the transformation happening to the message at each step, and the final version of the message that is sent to the bank's server. Please use the following notation. ΚΑ, ΚΑ Кв, Кв m H(m) Andy's Public Key, Andy's Private Key Bank Server's Public Key, Bank Server's Private Key Message to be transmitted Hash of a given message m
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Transcribed Image Text:To ensure the integrity and authentication of a message while transferring funds in a banking scenario, follow the outlined steps using public and private key cryptography:
### Scenario:
A user, Andy, wants to transfer funds to another user, Sam, using a banking application. The app must send a message to the bank’s server authorizing the transfer.
### Notation Used:
- \( K^+_A, K^-_A \): Andy’s Public Key, Andy’s Private Key
- \( K^+_B, K^-_B \): Bank Server’s Public Key, Bank Server’s Private Key
- \( m \): Message to be transmitted
- \( H(m) \): Hash of a given message \( m \)
### Steps to Ensure Integrity and Authentication:
1. **Message Preparation:**
- Andy’s banking application prepares the message \( m \) containing the transaction details.
2. **Hashing:**
- Compute the hash \( H(m) \) of the message \( m \).
3. **Signing the Hash:**
- Use Andy's private key \( K^-_A \) to encrypt the hash, creating a digital signature for the message. This ensures authenticity and verifies the sender's identity.
4. **Message Encryption:**
- Encrypt the entire message \( m \) along with the digital signature using the bank server's public key \( K^+_B \). This ensures confidentiality during transmission.
5. **Transmission:**
- Send the encrypted message and digital signature to the bank’s server.
6. **Decryption by Bank:**
- Upon receipt, the bank uses its private key \( K^-_B \) to decrypt the message and signature.
7. **Verification:**
- Extract the hash from the decrypted signature using Andy's public key \( K^+_A \).
- Compute a new hash of the received message \( m \) and compare it with the extracted hash to verify integrity.
8. **Action:**
- If both hashes match, the message is authenticated and has not been tampered with. The bank server processes the transaction.
This process ensures secure and verified communication between a user’s banking app and the bank server, maintaining integrity and authentication.
### Diagram (Explanation):
The diagram illustrates the transformation and processing of the message \( m \) starting from Andy’s Banking Application to the Bank Server. It visually represents the steps of hashing, signing, encrypting
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