Consider the payoff matrix for a game depicted below. Player 1 selects the row and Player 2 selects the column.     Up   Down Left   1, -1   -1, 1 Right   -1, 1   1, -1 What is (are) the Nash equilibrium (equilibria)? Question 18Answer a. Player 1 plays right; Player 2 plays down b. Player 1 plays left; Player 2 plays down c. Player 1 plays down; Player 2 plays left d. Player 1 plays right; Player 2 plays up e. Player 1 plays up; Player 2 plays left f. There is no Nash equilibrium g. Player 1 plays down; Player 2 plays right h. Player 1 plays up; Player 2 plays right i. Player 1 plays left; Player 2 plays up

1. Consider the following N-player game. Each agent has a choice of strategy A or B. The state variable is x, the proportion of agents choosing strategy A. For every agent, the utility of choosing strategy A is U(A) = 10 +2x and the utility of choosing strategy B is U(B) = 10+3x. What is the Nash equilibrium to this game? Explain.

For each of the following games, identify the backwards induction equilibrium and the equilibrium strategy for each player. 5. b. (1,1) (0,2) (2.2) (0,1) (1,) (1.0)

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2. Consider the following "centipede game." The game starts with player 1 choosing be- tween terminate (T) and continue (C). If player 1 chooses C, the game proceeds with player 2 choosing between terminate (t) and continue (c). The two players choose be- tween terminate and continue in turn if the other player chooses continue until the terminal nodes with (player l's payoff, player 2's payoff) are reached as shown below. TTTT Player 1 Player 2 Player 1 Player 2 (3, 3) t (1, 1) (0, 3) (2, 2) (1, 4) (a) List all possible strategies of each player. (b) Transform the game tree into a normal-form matrix representation. (c) Find all pure-strategy Nash equilibria. (d) Find the unique pure-strategy subgame-perfect equilibrium.

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Consider a simultaneous move game with two players. Player 1 has three possible actions (A, B, or C) and Player 2 has two possible actions (D or E.) In the payoff matrix below, each cell contains the payoff for Player 1 followed by the payoff for Player 2. Identify any pure strategy Nash Equilibria in this game. If there are none, state this clearly.

You suspect that you are a price leader in the market. Moreover, you are considering expanding your operations. H.R. Shovenstuff will observe your moves and then follow, but he is more secretive so you will not know whether to price high or low after his pricing decision has been made. Using the following game tree, solve for the Nash equilibrium. High Price Shovenstuff High Price Low Price You High Price (2,1) (6,2) Invest Low Price Invest, High Price, High Price O Invest, Low Price, High Price Invest, Low Price, Low Price O Don't Invest, High Price, High Price Don't Invest, Low Price, High Price LOW Price (2,4) You High Price (4,4) Don't Invest High Price Low Price Shovenstuff Low Price You High Price (8,1) (2.6) Low Price (2,1)

1. Consider a game of chicken: two players approach a narrow bridge with room only for one, and each chooses either to go through and hope the other guy backs off (call this action H, for "hawk"), or backs off to let the other go through (call this action D, for "dove"). If both players are normal, then each gets a payoff of -1 from a collision (i.e. if both choose H), 1 if they choose H against D, 0 if they choose D (regardless of what the other player chooses). Now perturb the game as follows: there is a chance p > 0 that P2 is a “violent type", who gets 1 from playing H regardless of Pl's action, and -1 from playing D, again regardless of P1's action. (a) Illustrate the game tree corresponding to the Harsanyi transformation of this game (i.e. the dynamic game of imperfect information in which nature moves first). (b) Illustrate the extended game (i.e. the normal form game corresponding to your game tree in part (a)). (c) Find all values of p for which there is a BNE in which P1…