Consider a firm that has the last three order quantities of 10, 10, 15 units while they observed 10, 12, 15 units of demands, respectively. What can you say about the supply chain status in this firm? Bullwhip Measure = Variance of Orders Variance of Demand If you want to calculate variance using Excel, Variance = Var (the range of cells you want to calculate the variance for) If you want to calculate variance using Calculator, Step 1: first you need to calculate the mean: rum of the values number of values you have Step 2:Then you calculate the squared value of each value's distance from the mean: sqauared distance = (value - mean)2 Step3: In the last step the take the average of your squared distances. mean = O The bullwhip effect is present in their supply chain. O The bullwhip effect is NOT present in their supply chain. O Their supply chain is experiencing over-smoothing or dampening O No comment can be made about the bullwhip effect in this supply chain.

What are standard purchase specifications...and how are they important?

What are the: • problem recognition, • information search • alternatives evaluation • purchase decision • post-purchase evaluation in simple terms? Expound each.

please add more detaied anwer to question 3,4 please.