
Concept explainers
• Consider a bit streaming scenario for a video where the
following values apply:
– The buffer size is 1 MiB
– The low watermark is set at 100KiB
– The high watermark is set at 900KiB
– The incoming data rate is 1Mbps
– The video display rate is 300 Kb
– Assume that the video is playing and that the buffer content has
dropped to the low-water mark. The media player sets the controls for
data input to begin again.
– Calculate the amount of data that will be input in two seconds to the
buffer and the amount of data that will be removed from the buffer in
the same period of time.
– Repeat the calculation for 4,6,8,10,12 seconds. – From this data estimate when the buffer will have filled up to the high
water mark.
– Assuming that the incoming transmission is halted at this time,
calculate how long it will be before the buffer content has again fallen
to the low-water mark level.

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