Complete the values of the mass of the system and the net force in the table below, the values for acceleration are provided: Fnet = Fg = mg Trial Mass (kg) Net Force (Fnet) Acceleration (m/s2) 1 Mass of cart = 0.5 kg Mass on top = 0.1 kg Mass of hanger = 0.005 kg Total Mass (constant) = 0.605 kg 0.131 2 0.261 3 0.392 4 0.522 5 0.651 6 0.782 Analysis & Conclusions – Identify which of the above quantities, force, and acceleration, is the independent variable and which is the dependent variable. Explain how you determined this. Plot a graph of acceleration vs net force and draw a resulting Line of Best Fit through your points.
AP Physics Revision Worksheet
Method
- The mass of a cart was measured in kilograms and recorded into a table.
- The equipment was set up, as shown in the diagram above, using a dynamics track and a Super Pulley with Clamp on one end, and a motion sensor with a data collector on the other end.
- One end of a piece of thread was tied to a hook on the front of the cart, and the other end tied to a mass hanger.
- The angle of the pulley was adjusted so that the thread was held parallel to the track, as shown.
- The first column of data represents the total mass of the system that will remain constant for the duration of the lab. It consists of the following: Mass of cart = 500 g (0.5 kg)
Mass added to cart (5 x 20 g masses) = 100 g (0.1 kg)
Mass of hanger = 5 g (0.005 kg)
- One 20g mass was removed from the top of the cart and placed on the hanger at the end of the pulley cord. This technique keeps the total mass of the cart-masses-mass-hanger-system constant, while varying the net force.
- The cart was positioned so that the mass (5g hanger and 20g mass) is just hanging over the pulley at the end of the track, converted to Newtons (remember that Fg = mg) and this value was equivalent to the net force
- The motion detector was positioned 50 cm away from the cart and the cart then allowed to move toward the pulley without letting it slam into the pulley.
- After collecting data (tables with values of displacement/time and velocity/time); the acceleration of the cart was found, by looking at the slope of the velocity vs. time graph and recorded in the data table.
- Another 20-g mass from the top of the cart was placed onto the hanger the mass now corresponded to a total of 40g (plus 5 g for the hanger) as listed on the data chart and steps 6-9 were followed with additional masses added to the cart.
- This process was repeated until values were collected for the acceleration of all masses.
- Data for net force on the cart and acceleration was entered, keeping in mind that mass is constant.
Acceleration versus Net Force (mass is held constant) Data
Complete the values of the mass of the system and the net force in the table below, the values for acceleration are provided:
Fnet = Fg = mg
|
Trial |
Mass (kg) |
Net Force (Fnet) |
Acceleration (m/s2) |
|
1 |
Mass of cart = 0.5 kg Mass on top = 0.1 kg Mass of hanger = 0.005 kg Total Mass (constant) = 0.605 kg
|
|
0.131 |
|
2 |
|
|
0.261 |
|
3 |
|
|
0.392 |
|
4 |
|
|
0.522 |
|
5 |
|
|
0.651 |
|
6 |
|
|
0.782 |
Analysis & Conclusions –
- Identify which of the above quantities, force, and acceleration, is the independent variable and which is the dependent variable. Explain how you determined this.
- Plot a graph of acceleration vs net force and draw a resulting Line of Best Fit through your points.
- Write down the equation for the graph produced.
- In this lab, the mass was held constant and the net force was changed. If the force were doubled, how would the acceleration be affected?
Justify your answer.
- Provide a real-world example that exemplifies the relationship between net force and acceleration, with illustrations/drawings/pictures of this example, and an explanation of how these two quantities show their relationship in your example.
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