Compare and contrast polyploidy and aneuploidy?

A normal human cell is diploid, which means it contains two haploid sets of chromosomes. In polyploidy, more than two haploid sets of chromosomes are present. In other words, the chromosome number of polyploid cells is greater than 2n content of diploid cells by a multiple of n. If one complete extra set of a chromosome is present in addition with normal two haploid sets, then the condition is called triploid. In tetraploid condition, there are four sets of chromosomes present.

Cause of polyploidy - Karyokinesis is followed by cytokinesis during cell division. If cytokinesis doesn't occur after the telophase stage during the cell cycle, it leads to an increase in the whole set of chromosome in that cell in the organism.

Examples of polyploidy - Polyploidy rarely occurs in humans. Triploidy (also called as 69, XXX) or tetraploidy (92, XXXX) can be rarely seen.