Compact DNA Levels of gene control Alteration of structure Relaxed DNA Transcription Pre-MRNA MRNA processing Processed mRNA AAAAA RNA stability Translation 20 Protein (inactive) Postranslational modification Modified protein (active) 16.1 Gene expression can be controlled at multiple levels.

Q: What would be the most likely effect of inhibiting the translation of hunchback mRNA throughout a…

A: A gene is the basic functional, and physical unit of heredity and it is small sections of DNA that…

Q: How is epigenetic information similar to and different from genetic information? What attributes of…

A: In order to comprehend the form and composition of the genetic sequences and of the resulting…

Q: What are the major factors in the various mutants of the spike protein

A: Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, later named SARS-CoV-2 or severe acute respiratory syndrome…

Q: The gene that encodes the enzyme called tyrosine hydroxylase is known to be activated by the CREB…

A: The central dogma of molecular biology explains the flow of genetic information through the…

Q: In flies, the gap gene kruppel is expressed in a broad band in the middle of the embryo with giant…

A: Segmentation in Drosophila is a result of hierarchical and location specific expression of genes.…

Q: What kind of response is seen via temperature stress in Drosophila? Are these kinds of elements…

A: The physiology of organisms, especially ectotherms, is significantly influenced by temperature,…

Q: A geneticist uses a generic engineering approach to mutate the TATA-building protein (TBP) of a…

A: *The TBP is the gene that instruct for making a protein called the TATA box binding protein. *This…

Q: Explain how DNA methylation and the formation of a DNA loop control the expression of the Igf2 gene…

A: ANSWER - Before giving the answer there are few words which we have to understand .…

Q: Which natural genetic mechanism is responsible for preventing the expression of genes that are…

A: DNA is made up of numerous molecules known as nucleotide. A non-sense mutation is a type of mutation…

Q: Define epigenetics. Are all epigenetic changes passed from parentto offspring? Explain.

A: Genes carry coded genetic information in the form of specific nucleotide sequences. This specific…

Q: What are some other ways that a cell controls which genes are expressed?

A: Introduction  A gene is nothing but a specific sequence of deoxy ribose nucleotides and which is…

Q: In general, explain how epigenetic modifications are an important mechanism for developmental…

A: Phenotypic changes  that are influenced by environmental factors instead of genetic changes are…

Q: Members of a family are affected by a hereditary inflammatory and immunodeficiency disease. The…

A: Co-dominance:Co dominance is when the both genetypic alleles are seen in phenotype. Dominant…

Q: Yeast cells are grown with galactose as the sole carbon source and ATP levels are abundant. Describe…

A: GAL genes: The GAL genes, which include structural (GAL1, GAL10, GAL2, and GAL7) and regulatory…

Q: How do regulatory systems distinguish the genes that need to be activated or repressed from genes…

A: In bacteria, certain regulatory molecules control whether a gene will be transcribed into RNA from…

Q: Although each cell in your body contains the same set of genes, the genes that are “turned on”…

A: Genes are the sequence of nucleotide found on our DNA which is capable of undergoing transciption…

Q: What is the key difference between cis- and trans-epigenetic mechanisms for maintaining an…

A: Epigenetics is the branch of genetics that studies heritable traits that are not influenced by the…

Q: in a fat cell what is the result of activation of genes by PPAR gamma/activator proteins binding?…

A: Peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor(PPAR) gamma is a  nuclear receptor of subfamily 1,group…

Q: Suppose expression of gene A is limited to the middle part of the early mouse embryo. Expression of…

A: Gene expression includes transcription followed by the translation of the newly generated mRNA…

Q: How many protein coding genes would expect to be affected if the mutations are distributed randomly?

A: Due to metabolic mistakes, radiation exposure, and environmental variables, DNA experiences numerous…

Q: Arabidopsis floral homeotic genes are members of the MADS box gene family, while homeotic genes in…

A:

Q: How does the control of gene expression in prokaryotes differ from that of eukaryotes

A: The gene expression the process in which the genetic information present in the DNA (gene) is copied…

Q: What type of epigenetic change is responsible for genomic imprinting?

A: Epigenetic refers to the patterns of inheritance that involve the alterations in characteristics…

Q: What types of histone modifications are responsible for epigenetic phenotypes?

A: Histones are the set of positively charged proteins. Histones are responsible for providing…

Q: How is the signal generated by binding of TGF-β to cell-surface receptors transmitted to the…

A: TGF-β is a cytokine of the transforming growth factor family of signaling molecules with multiple…

Q: Many genes generate different products depending on the type of cell expressing the gene. How is…

A: The process of generation of different protein products from the same pre-mRNA transcript is called…

Q: The floral homeotic genes of Arabidopsis belong to the MADS-box gene family, while in Drosophila,…

A: Flowers are short, specific tomahawks bearing firmly amassed sporophylls. They are commonplace for…

Q: The phenotype of a heterozygous mouse (Aa) is agouti.  The agouti banding pattern is due to altered…

A: * Homozygous dominant and Heterozygous will produce agouti that is AA or Aa respectively  and the…

Q: What happens when the iron level increases and the IRP no longer binds transferrin-receptor mRNA?

A: To answer this question we should have knowledge of gene expression.

Q: How do draw the sequence in this question? Draw the sequence of molecular events that occurs to…

A: STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) protein family are transcription factors…

Q: What is the effect of an increased Cro concentration on the expression of the gene for the λ…

A: The lytic cycle is the rupture of the host cell, resulting in the release of a number of viruses.…

Q: How does the CRP mechanism contribute? Where does it come from?

A: Inflammation is a defence process carried out by the immune system in which the entry of the antigen…

Q: Explain the difference between a gain-of-functionmutation and a dominant-negative mutation. Why…

A: A mutation is referred to as a change in an organism's DNA sequence. Mutations can occur as a result…

Q: What is the difference in time between signaling pathways that affect protein function vs. pathways…

A: Cells respond to the external environment or stimulus by activating a signaling pathway. It leads to…

Q: gene 2 seems to be expressed at higher levels than gene 5. Justify the claim that the two genes have…

A: The process by which a cell produces molecules based on the direction of the DNA is called the…

Q: How does controlling gene expression alter the overall protein level in the cell

A: The process of gene expression consists of transcription and translation. Transcription is the…

Q: Describe the mechanism of genomic imprinting of the Igf2 gene in mammals.

A: Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic form of gene regulation. This results in the function of only…