Answered: Classify neurons based on structure and…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Question

Classify neurons based on structure and function

Expert Solution

INTRODUCTION

Neurons are the basic unit of functioning in the nervous system. Its main role is to receive the nerve impulses and creates signals for other organs of the body to do their respective functioning. It has a head-like structure with dendrites and a long tail-like structure called an axon.

EXPLANATION

On the basis of structure, neurons can be classified as-

Unipolar neurons- which have a short single process leaving the cell body.
Bipolar neurons- one axon and one dendrite.
Multipolar neurons- many extensions from the body.

Functional classification is basically based on the direction of action potential travels relative to the central nervous system. On the basis of function, they can be-

Sensory neurons- These receive sensory responses and forms the peripheral nervous system.
Motor neurons- These are effector neurons that connect CNS to the effectors.

Interneurons- These are the connectors present in CNS between the sensory and motor neurons for nerve transmission.