3. Write an equation for hydration of trans-3-methyl-2-pentene. Label major and minor products and give the IUPAC name of the product(s). (8) using

1. The acid-catalyzed elimination of an alcohol is an equilibrium reaction and requires special reac- tion conditions to favour the formation of the alkene product. What chemical principle controls the amount of alkene product that is produced? Provide two laboratory techniques that can be used to obtain good alkene yields in alcohol elimination reactions.

6. Predict the major organic product for each of the following reactions. Draw the condensed structural formulas for the products. Name the reactants and products (organic compounds only.) If there is no reaction, write NR. If a compound is a hemiacetal or acetal, don't name it – just label it as "hemiacetal" or "acetal." a) Cat. b) OH CH-CH-とH-CHz + PG C Ciy C当 c) CH 188C Ho d) CH3 CH-CH-CH C4-Cち [o] OH e) acid + 0 Caュ-Cs

give the structure of the major organic product, reactant, or catalyst in each incomplete equation

1. Consider the solubility and boiling point of the following pair of compounds: n-butyl alcohol and diethyl ether. The boiling points for the compounds are 118 °C and 35 °C respectively. The solubility for both compounds is the same (8g/100g water). Explain this observation for (i) boiling point disparity; (ii) solubility similarity   a. H-bonds form in diethyl ether; n-butyl alcohol forms H-bonds in water b. H-bonds form in n-butyl alcohol; diethyl ether forms H-bonds in water c. H-bonds in n-butyl alcohol; Both compounds form H-bonds in water d. Both compounds form H-bonds; Both compounds form H-bonds in water   2. Account for the bond angle differences between (i) H-C-H (109.5°) in methane and H-S-H (90°); H-C-H (109.5°) and H-O-H (107.5°) in water. a. The H-S-H has two lone pairs; The H-O-H has two lone pairs b. The H-S-H has no hybridization at p-orbitals; The H-O-H has two lone pairs c. The H-S-H has two lone pairs; The H-O-H has no hybridization…

8 5 Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. They show structural isomerism. Alkenes take part in addition reactions and form polymers. (a) Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different structural formulae. Give an example of structural isomerism. molecular formula . two structural formulae (b) Ethene reacts with each of the following. Give the name and structural formula of each product. (i) steam name of product structure of product (ii) hydrogen name of product structure of product

1) 3- Methyl-2-butanol will react with H2SO4 to give two isomeric alkenes. Write suitable reaction mechanism to show how these isomeric products are achieved and indicate the major product. Write the IUPAC name for each product.

Ff.179.

2.) Cyclohexane Why insoluble in water? Why insoluble in HCl? Why insoluble in NaOH? Why insoluble in NaHCO?

Draw out the structures (condensed structural formulas) for the following reactions (reactants and products) and name the product formed. a) Hydrohalogenation of 1,3-dimethylcyclopentene with HBr Name product: b) Hydrogenation of 3,4-dimethylcyclobutene Name product: c) Hydration of 3-ethyl-2-pentene cturslomeo Name product: d) Alkylation of benzene with 2-chloropropane (isopropylchloride) Name product: e) Mono-halogenation of 2,2-dimethylbutane with Cl2 Name product: