Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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**Experiment Overview: Reaction of Aluminum Carbide with Water**

Aluminum carbide (Al₄C₃) reacts with water to produce methane gas according to the equation below. A sample containing Al₄C₃ is placed into a flask containing water. The gas produced is collected by the downward displacement of water. 380.0 mL of gas are collected at a temperature of 35.00°C and an atmospheric pressure of 730.8 torr.

\[ \text{Al}_4\text{C}_3 (s) + 12 \text{H}_2\text{O} (l) \rightarrow 4 \text{Al(OH)}_3 (s) + 3 \text{CH}_4 (g) \]

**Steps:**

1. **Calculate the Pressure of CH₄ Gas:**
   - The measured pressure is calculated to be 0.91 atm.

2. **Determine the Mass of Aluminum Carbide:**
   - The original sample contains 0.66 grams of Al₄C₃.

3. **Find the Mole Fraction of CH₄ Gas:**
   - This will be calculated in the final collected gas mixture.

**Graph Explanation: Vapor Pressure of Water**

The table shows the vapor pressure of water at different temperatures:

- At 0.0°C, the vapor pressure is 4.6 torr.
- At 10.0°C, it is 9.2 torr.
- At 20.0°C, it is 17.5 torr.
- At 25.0°C, it is 23.8 torr.
- At 30.0°C, it is 31.8 torr.
- At 35.0°C, it is 42.2 torr.

This information is used to adjust for the vapor pressure when calculating gas production from a water displacement setup. The increase in vapor pressure with temperature is shown in the table, which is essential for accurate pressure measurements in experiments involving gas collection over water.
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Transcribed Image Text:**Experiment Overview: Reaction of Aluminum Carbide with Water** Aluminum carbide (Al₄C₃) reacts with water to produce methane gas according to the equation below. A sample containing Al₄C₃ is placed into a flask containing water. The gas produced is collected by the downward displacement of water. 380.0 mL of gas are collected at a temperature of 35.00°C and an atmospheric pressure of 730.8 torr. \[ \text{Al}_4\text{C}_3 (s) + 12 \text{H}_2\text{O} (l) \rightarrow 4 \text{Al(OH)}_3 (s) + 3 \text{CH}_4 (g) \] **Steps:** 1. **Calculate the Pressure of CH₄ Gas:** - The measured pressure is calculated to be 0.91 atm. 2. **Determine the Mass of Aluminum Carbide:** - The original sample contains 0.66 grams of Al₄C₃. 3. **Find the Mole Fraction of CH₄ Gas:** - This will be calculated in the final collected gas mixture. **Graph Explanation: Vapor Pressure of Water** The table shows the vapor pressure of water at different temperatures: - At 0.0°C, the vapor pressure is 4.6 torr. - At 10.0°C, it is 9.2 torr. - At 20.0°C, it is 17.5 torr. - At 25.0°C, it is 23.8 torr. - At 30.0°C, it is 31.8 torr. - At 35.0°C, it is 42.2 torr. This information is used to adjust for the vapor pressure when calculating gas production from a water displacement setup. The increase in vapor pressure with temperature is shown in the table, which is essential for accurate pressure measurements in experiments involving gas collection over water.
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