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**Problem Statement:** 7. Draw a Pxy (Pressure vs. mole fraction) diagram for an aqueous solution of NH₃. The temperature is such that the vapor pressure of pure water is 5 kPa and the vapor pressure of pure NH₃ is 600 Pa. You need to include the bubble line and the dew line. (a) What is the vapor pressure of the solution when \(x_{NH_3} = 0.6\)? (b) In which phase will the solution be at \(P = 4.8\) kPa? (c) In which phase will the solution be at \(P = 0.2\) kPa? (d) Draw the path for a process that takes a liquid with \(x_{NH_3} = 0.6\) and \(P = 4.8\) kPa to \(P = 0.2\) kPa. **Explanation and Instructions:** - **Pxy Diagram**: It is a graphical representation of the phase behavior of a binary mixture, plotting pressure (P) against the mole fraction (x) of one component. This diagram will include both the bubble line and the dew line. The bubble line represents the conditions under which the first bubble of vapor forms, and the dew line represents the point where the first drop of liquid forms from vapor. - **Given Conditions**: - Vapor pressure of pure water: 5 kPa - Vapor pressure of pure NH₃: 600 Pa (0.6 kPa) - **Tasks**: - (a) Calculate the vapor pressure of the solution at a given mole fraction of NH₃. - (b) and (c) Identify the phase of the solution at specified pressures. - (d) Illustrate the path of transition on the Pxy diagram. **Additional Notes**: To solve the problem, apply Raoult's law and Dalton’s law to determine the phases and transitions. Utilize these principles to construct and analyze the Pxy diagram, addressing changes in vapor pressure and phase transitions of the solution.

**Problem Statement:** 7. Draw a Pxy (Pressure vs. mole fraction) diagram for an aqueous solution of NH₃. The temperature is such that the vapor pressure of pure water is 5 kPa and the vapor pressure of pure NH₃ is 600 Pa. You need to include the bubble line and the dew line. (a) What is the vapor pressure of the solution when \(x_{NH_3} = 0.6\)? (b) In which phase will the solution be at \(P = 4.8\) kPa? (c) In which phase will the solution be at \(P = 0.2\) kPa? (d) Draw the path for a process that takes a liquid with \(x_{NH_3} = 0.6\) and \(P = 4.8\) kPa to \(P = 0.2\) kPa. **Explanation and Instructions:** - **Pxy Diagram**: It is a graphical representation of the phase behavior of a binary mixture, plotting pressure (P) against the mole fraction (x) of one component. This diagram will include both the bubble line and the dew line. The bubble line represents the conditions under which the first bubble of vapor forms, and the dew line represents the point where the first drop of liquid forms from vapor. - **Given Conditions**: - Vapor pressure of pure water: 5 kPa - Vapor pressure of pure NH₃: 600 Pa (0.6 kPa) - **Tasks**: - (a) Calculate the vapor pressure of the solution at a given mole fraction of NH₃. - (b) and (c) Identify the phase of the solution at specified pressures. - (d) Illustrate the path of transition on the Pxy diagram. **Additional Notes**: To solve the problem, apply Raoult's law and Dalton’s law to determine the phases and transitions. Utilize these principles to construct and analyze the Pxy diagram, addressing changes in vapor pressure and phase transitions of the solution.

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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**Problem Statement:** 7. Draw a Pxy (Pressure vs. mole fraction) diagram for an aqueous solution of NH₃. The temperature is such that the vapor pressure of pure water is 5 kPa and the vapor pressure of pure NH₃ is 600 Pa. You need to include the bubble line and the dew line. (a) What is the vapor pressure of the solution when \(x_{NH_3} = 0.6\)? (b) In which phase will the solution be at \(P = 4.8\) kPa? (c) In which phase will the solution be at \(P = 0.2\) kPa? (d) Draw the path for a process that takes a liquid with \(x_{NH_3} = 0.6\) and \(P = 4.8\) kPa to \(P = 0.2\) kPa. **Explanation and Instructions:** - **Pxy Diagram**: It is a graphical representation of the phase behavior of a binary mixture, plotting pressure (P) against the mole fraction (x) of one component. This diagram will include both the bubble line and the dew line. The bubble line represents the conditions under which the first bubble of vapor forms, and the dew line represents the point where the first drop of liquid forms from vapor. - **Given Conditions**: - Vapor pressure of pure water: 5 kPa - Vapor pressure of pure NH₃: 600 Pa (0.6 kPa) - **Tasks**: - (a) Calculate the vapor pressure of the solution at a given mole fraction of NH₃. - (b) and (c) Identify the phase of the solution at specified pressures. - (d) Illustrate the path of transition on the Pxy diagram. **Additional Notes**: To solve the problem, apply Raoult's law and Dalton’s law to determine the phases and transitions. Utilize these principles to construct and analyze the Pxy diagram, addressing changes in vapor pressure and phase transitions of the solution.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement:** 7. Draw a Pxy (Pressure vs. mole fraction) diagram for an aqueous solution of NH₃. The temperature is such that the vapor pressure of pure water is 5 kPa and the vapor pressure of pure NH₃ is 600 Pa. You need to include the bubble line and the dew line. (a) What is the vapor pressure of the solution when \(x_{NH_3} = 0.6\)? (b) In which phase will the solution be at \(P = 4.8\) kPa? (c) In which phase will the solution be at \(P = 0.2\) kPa? (d) Draw the path for a process that takes a liquid with \(x_{NH_3} = 0.6\) and \(P = 4.8\) kPa to \(P = 0.2\) kPa. **Explanation and Instructions:** - **Pxy Diagram**: It is a graphical representation of the phase behavior of a binary mixture, plotting pressure (P) against the mole fraction (x) of one component. This diagram will include both the bubble line and the dew line. The bubble line represents the conditions under which the first bubble of vapor forms, and the dew line represents the point where the first drop of liquid forms from vapor. - **Given Conditions**: - Vapor pressure of pure water: 5 kPa - Vapor pressure of pure NH₃: 600 Pa (0.6 kPa) - **Tasks**: - (a) Calculate the vapor pressure of the solution at a given mole fraction of NH₃. - (b) and (c) Identify the phase of the solution at specified pressures. - (d) Illustrate the path of transition on the Pxy diagram. **Additional Notes**: To solve the problem, apply Raoult's law and Dalton’s law to determine the phases and transitions. Utilize these principles to construct and analyze the Pxy diagram, addressing changes in vapor pressure and phase transitions of the solution.
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