Checking answer To study the pain-killing effects of handling money, a researcher manipulated the treatment conditions by giving half of the students (all females) a stack of money to count and the other half (all males) a stack of blank pieces of paper. Both groups were tested in the morning. In this research, which variable was not controlled? Participant variable Environmental variable Both participant and environmental variable Independent variable.

A researcher would like to know if stress has a negative effect on memory performance. One group of participants was exposed to a stress inducing noise and the second group listened to a calming music. Afterwards, both groups were given a memory test. The researcher compared the average memory test scores of two groups. What is the dependent variable in this experiment? Stress inducing noise. O Stress reducing calming music. O Level of stress (i.e., stress inducing noise or calming music) Memory test performance.

A sales team's statistical staff doesn't understand why their top salesperson's sales decreased 50% during holiday months. They bring him to the director's office, where they direct him to change his advertisement strategy.  The salesperson changes his advertisement strategy and logs sales records for the months of November, December and January.  This is an example of an Group of answer choices Observational Study Experiment None of the above

Empathy among police officers influences how they interact with citizens and the likelihood that they receive complaints. Gender differences in levels of empathy in the general population are not large but male and female officers have been shown to have different interaction styles with the public; this may be due to the different empathy levels. After sampling officers and measuring their levels of empathy you find the following data.   Males       Females   n = 6 n = 9 M = 31 M = 45 SS = 490 SS = 680   If you were going to make gender comparisons like this, which option would be the correct choice?  Write A or B in the box. [a]            Option A. Independent-measures t-test            Option B. Repeated-measures t-test

You want to compare males and females in their use of coping strategies when engaged in conflict in relationships. You send surveys to couples obtained from marriage license application at the county clerk's office. You identify several distinct coping strategies on the survey and have the respondents rate their use of each strategy on a 7-point scale. You then compare scores that come from the two members of each relationship. If testing hypotheses about the effects of gender on use of coping strategies, it would be most appropriate to calculate a ... 1) independent-samples t 2) one sample t 3) paired samples t 4) z test

Explain with example t Test for Two Population Means: Independent Samples (EPO Experiment).

Find an interesting instance where two variables are strongly correlated, but share no causal link.  Explain the situation, describe the variables, and explain why it doesn't make sense for the data to be correlated.

Suppose you were to collect data for the following pair of variables, drivers: blood alcohol level, reaction time.  You want to make a scatter plot. Which variable would you use as the explanatory variable? Blood alcohol or reaction time? Which variable would you use as the response variable? Blood alcohol or reaction time? Would you expect to see a positive or negative association? Or neither?

A two-factor study investigates the effects of self-esteem (low vs. high) and gender (males vs. females) on anxiety scores. The following data represents the means for each treatment condition.   Low self-esteem High self-esteem                         Male     5 11 Female 10 3 The data shows that there is a self-esteem by gender interaction. Explain the self-esteem by gender interaction (include individual means in your explanation)

Recent research indicates that the effectiveness of antidepressant medication is directly related to the severity of the depression (Khan, Brodhead, Kolts & Brown, 2005).  Based on pretreatment depression scores, patients were divided into four groups based on their level of depression.  After receiving the antidepressant medication, depression scores were measured again and the amount of improvement was recorded for each patient. The following data are similar to the results of the study.Run the single-factor ANOVA for this data: LowModerate HighModerate ModeratelySevere  Severe 3 2.7 3.4 4.6 2.1 1.6 3.6 3.5 2.4 2.4 2.8 3.1 1.8 2 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.2 3.4 3.4 0 2.3 4.7 3.1 Fill in the summary table for the ANOVA test:   S.S. d.f. M.S. Between       Within       TOTAL     From this table, obtain the necessary statistics for the ANOVA:F-ratio:  p-value:  η2= What is your final conclusion?  Use a significance level of α=0.01. There is a significant…