Chapter 9: The Arrow of History In this chapter, Harari argues that in human history we see a general movement from many thousands of small simple cultures to a few big mega-cultures. 1. Cultures often hold two very different or even opposing values at the same time! Be able to explain an example: Christianity vs. chivalry, or freedom vs. equality. Can you think of another example of contradictory values in a culture you're familiar with?

Chapter 9: The Arrow of History In this chapter, Harari argues that in human history we see a general movement from many thousands of small simple cultures to a few big mega-cultures. 1. Cultures often hold two very different or even opposing values at the same time! Be able to explain an example: Christianity vs. chivalry, or freedom vs. equality. Can you think of another example of contradictory values in a culture you're familiar with?