Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Nursing
Case Study 4: An elderly man was admitted to hospital in an acute confused state. No history was available but the nicotine stains on his fingers indicated he was a heavy smoker. Physical examination revealed he had signs of a right-sided pleural effusion but no other abnormality was detected. He was neither dehydrated nor edematous. A chest x-ray confirmed the presence of the effusion and showed a mass in the right lower zone with an appearance typical of a carcinoma. Chemistry Lab Results Serum Urine Na" 114 mmol/L Na 50 mmol/day K" 3.6 mmol/L Osmolality 1350 mOsmol/kg O 77 mmol/L Co, 22 mmol/L Urea 2.5 mmol/L (2.1-7.1) Glucose 4.0 mmol/L Total protein 48 g/L Osmolality 236 mOsmol/kg Questions: 1. What is the likely cause of the abnormal serum electrolyte results? 2. Calculate the patient's osmolality and osmolal gap, are they normal or abnormal? What does this mean? 3. What might be the cause of the increased urine sodium and osmolality?

Case Study 4: An elderly man was admitted to hospital in an acute confused state. No history was available but the nicotine stains on his fingers indicated he was a heavy smoker. Physical examination revealed he had signs of a right-sided pleural effusion but no other abnormality was detected. He was neither dehydrated nor edematous. A chest x-ray confirmed the presence of the effusion and showed a mass in the right lower zone with an appearance typical of a carcinoma. Chemistry Lab Results Serum Urine Na" 114 mmol/L Na 50 mmol/day K" 3.6 mmol/L Osmolality 1350 mOsmol/kg O 77 mmol/L Co, 22 mmol/L Urea 2.5 mmol/L (2.1-7.1) Glucose 4.0 mmol/L Total protein 48 g/L Osmolality 236 mOsmol/kg Questions: 1. What is the likely cause of the abnormal serum electrolyte results? 2. Calculate the patient's osmolality and osmolal gap, are they normal or abnormal? What does this mean? 3. What might be the cause of the increased urine sodium and osmolality?

Phlebotomy Essentials
Phlebotomy Essentials
6th Edition
ISBN:9781451194524
Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1SRQ
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question

Questions are attached

Case Study 4: An elderly man was admitted to hospital in an acute confused state. No history was available but the nicotine stains on his fingers indicated he was a heavy smoker. Physical examination revealed he had signs of a right-sided pleural effusion but no other abnormality was detected. He was neither dehydrated nor edematous. A chest x-ray confirmed the presence of the effusion and showed a mass in the right lower zone with an appearance typical of a carcinoma. Chemistry Lab Results Serum Urine Na" 114 mmol/L Na 50 mmol/day K" 3.6 mmol/L Osmolality 1350 mOsmol/kg O 77 mmol/L Co, 22 mmol/L Urea 2.5 mmol/L (2.1-7.1) Glucose 4.0 mmol/L Total protein 48 g/L Osmolality 236 mOsmol/kg Questions: 1. What is the likely cause of the abnormal serum electrolyte results? 2. Calculate the patient's osmolality and osmolal gap, are they normal or abnormal? What does this mean? 3. What might be the cause of the increased urine sodium and osmolality?
Transcribed Image Text:Case Study 4: An elderly man was admitted to hospital in an acute confused state. No history was available but the nicotine stains on his fingers indicated he was a heavy smoker. Physical examination revealed he had signs of a right-sided pleural effusion but no other abnormality was detected. He was neither dehydrated nor edematous. A chest x-ray confirmed the presence of the effusion and showed a mass in the right lower zone with an appearance typical of a carcinoma. Chemistry Lab Results Serum Urine Na" 114 mmol/L Na 50 mmol/day K" 3.6 mmol/L Osmolality 1350 mOsmol/kg O 77 mmol/L Co, 22 mmol/L Urea 2.5 mmol/L (2.1-7.1) Glucose 4.0 mmol/L Total protein 48 g/L Osmolality 236 mOsmol/kg Questions: 1. What is the likely cause of the abnormal serum electrolyte results? 2. Calculate the patient's osmolality and osmolal gap, are they normal or abnormal? What does this mean? 3. What might be the cause of the increased urine sodium and osmolality?
Expert Solution
Step 1

Pleural effusion

It is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space resulting from excess fluid production and decreased absorption.

Causes:

  • Congestive heart failure
  • Cancer
  • Pneumonia
  • Pulmonary embolism.

Management

  • Thoracentesis.
  • Tube thoracostomy (chest tube). 
  • Pleural drain. 
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Medical terminologies
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, nursing and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Phlebotomy Essentials
Phlebotomy Essentials
Nursing
ISBN:
9781451194524
Author:
Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Publisher:
JONES+BARTLETT PUBLISHERS, INC.
Gould's Pathophysiology for the Health Profession…
Gould's Pathophysiology for the Health Profession…
Nursing
ISBN:
9780323414425
Author:
Robert J Hubert BS
Publisher:
Saunders
Fundamentals Of Nursing
Fundamentals Of Nursing
Nursing
ISBN:
9781496362179
Author:
Taylor, Carol (carol R.), LYNN, Pamela (pamela Barbara), Bartlett, Jennifer L.
Publisher:
Wolters Kluwer,
Fundamentals of Nursing, 9e
Fundamentals of Nursing, 9e
Nursing
ISBN:
9780323327404
Author:
Patricia A. Potter RN MSN PhD FAAN, Anne Griffin Perry RN EdD FAAN, Patricia Stockert RN BSN MS PhD, Amy Hall RN BSN MS PhD CNE
Publisher:
Elsevier Science
Study Guide for Gould's Pathophysiology for the H…
Study Guide for Gould's Pathophysiology for the H…
Nursing
ISBN:
9780323414142
Author:
Hubert BS, Robert J; VanMeter PhD, Karin C.
Publisher:
Saunders
Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions (Min…
Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions (Min…
Nursing
ISBN:
9781337406291
Author:
Gerald Corey, Marianne Schneider Corey, Cindy Corey
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS