Carmen is a school district administrator and is interested in comparing the effectiveness of two teaching approaches for teaching high school math: activity-based learning and textbook presentation. To investigate, she identifies 130 high school students in the district who were taught math last year using only activity-based learning and 130 who were taught using only textbook presentation. She then refers to the schools' databases and retrieves last year's math final exam scores for these 260 students. Carmen plans to compare the final exam scores between the two groups.   (a)First choose whether the procedure described above is an observational study or a designed experiment. Then further categorize the procedure by choosing the correct type of observational study or designed experiment.   Observational study   Designed experiment   prospective   double-blind   retrospective   completely randomized (b)Which one of the following best describes the explanatory (independent) and response (dependent) variables?   The explanatory variable is the final exam score and the response variable is the teaching approach.   The explanatory variable is the teaching approach and the response variable is the level of math course.   The explanatory variable is the level of math course and the response variable is the final exam score.   The explanatory variable is the teaching approach and the response variable is the final exam score. (c)Suppose there is a significant difference in final exam scores between the students taught using the activity-based learning approach and the students taught using the textbook presentation approach. Has Carmen found evidence to support a claim that there is an association between the final exam score and the choice of teaching approach? Choose the best answer below.   No. Evidence can never be found to support a claim that two variables are associated.   Yes. In fact, Carmen would be well-justified in making the even stronger claim that the difference in exam scores is caused by the choice of teaching approach.   Yes. However, further work would be needed to have a well-justified claim that the difference in exam scores is caused by the choice of teaching approach.

Razor LLC has a data warehouse that is used by several analytics groups. The data warehouse consists of a number of distinct components, including a cloud server (99.999% availability), a database management system server (99.4%), an analytics logic server (94.7%), and, of course, the network infrastructure to the cloud server, which has an availability of 99.9%. What is the overall availability of the system, expressed as a percentage with three digits of precision? For example, enter 91.223, but do not enter a percent symbol, i.e., do not enter 91.223%

Elaine is interested in determining if men are more satisfied in their jobs than women in the healthcare industry. She administers a job satisfaction questionnaire to 20 men and 20 women working in hospital administration. Her grouping variable is gender and dependent variable is job satisfaction. The job satisfaction scale consists of 8 items measured using a 5-point rating scale. A higher score on this scale would indicate high job satisfaction. The maximum score that can be obtained on the scale is 40. We can assume that job satisfaction scores are normally distributed. Use the appropriate T test with a significance level of 0.05 to test the hypothesis.   Research Question   Do the mean job satisfaction scores differ for men and women working in the hospital administration department?   Hypothesis   The mean job satisfaction scores do not differ for men and women working in the hospital administration department.     Compute an independent sample t test on these data. Report…

The Conch Café, located in Gulf Shores, Alabama, features casual lunches with a great view of the Gulf of Mexico. To accommodate the increase in business during the summer vacation season, Fuzzy Conch, the owner, hires a large number of servers as seasonal help. When he interviews a prospective server, he would like to provide data on the amount a server can earn in tips. He believes that the amount of the bill and the number of diners are both related to the amount of the tip. He gathered the following sample information.  Customer Amount of Tip Amount of Bill Number of Diners Customer Amount of Tip Amount of Bill Number of Diners 1   $ 7.00   $ 48.97   5 16 $ 3.30   $ 23.59   2 2     4.50     28.23   4 17   3.50     22.30   2 3     1.00     10.65   1 18   3.25     32.00   2 4     2.40     19.82   3 19   5.40     50.02   4 5     5.00     28.62   3 20   2.25     17.60   3 6     4.25     24.83   2 21   5.50     44.47   4 7     0.50     6.24   1 22   3.00     20.27   2…