Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Reactions of Ethers
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Epoxides
Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic…
Williamson Ether Synthesis
An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction…
Question
**Exercise 2: Drawing Keto, Enol, and Enolate Forms** **Instructions:** Carefully draw the keto form of the compound for which the enol is drawn; then draw its enolate form by removing the acidic proton, and show two resonance forms of it. **Diagram Details:** 1. **Keto Form:** - On the left side of the diagram, there is an empty rectangular box labeled "keto form." 2. **Enol Form:** - In the middle, there is a structure displaying the enol form of the compound. - The skeletal structure consists of a double bond between two carbon atoms. - Attached to one of the doubly-bonded carbons, there is an OH group (hydroxyl group). - The diagram shows an 'arrow' pointing from the keto form to the enol form. 3. **Enolate Forms:** - To the right of the enol form, there is an instruction "- H⁺" (indicating the removal of an acidic proton). - Subsequently, there are two empty rectangular boxes placed horizontally side by side with a bi-directional arrow between them, signifying resonance forms. - These boxes are labeled "enolate forms." **Diagram Summary:** - From left to right: **Keto form** → **Enol form** → **Enolate forms (two resonance forms)**. Please use the empty boxes to draw the respective structures as per the instructions. Some guidance on the structures: - **Keto Form:** A carbonyl group (C=O) within the compound. - **Enolate Form:** Resulting from deprotonation of the enol form, showing resonance between two structures: 1. A carbon-hydrogen double bond (C=C) with a negatively charged oxygen (O⁻). 2. A carbon-hydrogen single bond (C-N) with a negative charge on the carbon (C⁻) adjacent to a double-bond carbon-oxygen (C=O).
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Transcribed Image Text:**Exercise 2: Drawing Keto, Enol, and Enolate Forms** **Instructions:** Carefully draw the keto form of the compound for which the enol is drawn; then draw its enolate form by removing the acidic proton, and show two resonance forms of it. **Diagram Details:** 1. **Keto Form:** - On the left side of the diagram, there is an empty rectangular box labeled "keto form." 2. **Enol Form:** - In the middle, there is a structure displaying the enol form of the compound. - The skeletal structure consists of a double bond between two carbon atoms. - Attached to one of the doubly-bonded carbons, there is an OH group (hydroxyl group). - The diagram shows an 'arrow' pointing from the keto form to the enol form. 3. **Enolate Forms:** - To the right of the enol form, there is an instruction "- H⁺" (indicating the removal of an acidic proton). - Subsequently, there are two empty rectangular boxes placed horizontally side by side with a bi-directional arrow between them, signifying resonance forms. - These boxes are labeled "enolate forms." **Diagram Summary:** - From left to right: **Keto form** → **Enol form** → **Enolate forms (two resonance forms)**. Please use the empty boxes to draw the respective structures as per the instructions. Some guidance on the structures: - **Keto Form:** A carbonyl group (C=O) within the compound. - **Enolate Form:** Resulting from deprotonation of the enol form, showing resonance between two structures: 1. A carbon-hydrogen double bond (C=C) with a negatively charged oxygen (O⁻). 2. A carbon-hydrogen single bond (C-N) with a negative charge on the carbon (C⁻) adjacent to a double-bond carbon-oxygen (C=O).
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