Carboxylic acids can be made by the hydrolysis of nitriles, which in turn can be made from an alkyl halide. Draw the structures of a starting alkyl bromide and the intermediate nitrile that would be used in the synthesis of 3-methylbutanoic acid (also known as isovaleric acid). Do not show free ions.**Diagram Explanation:**1. **Reaction Pathway:** - The diagram shows a two-step reaction pathway. - The first step involves transforming an "alkyl bromide" into a "nitrile" using an NC⁻ (cyanide) ion. This suggests a nucleophilic substitution reaction. - The second step involves the hydrolysis of the nitrile into an isovaleric acid, with water (H₂O) and an acid catalyst (H⁺).2. **Chemical Structures and Tools:** - The structure of isovaleric acid is provided: it includes a carboxylic acid group and a branching methyl group. - Drawing tools include options to draw different bonds and select elements such as C (carbon), H (hydrogen), and Br (bromine) for the alkyl bromide, and C (carbon), H (hydrogen), and N (nitrogen) for the nitrile.**Instructions:**- Draw the structure for the alkyl bromide using the bond and element selection tools.- Draw the structure for the nitrile using the same type of tools provided to create the intermediate structure.The illustration aids in understanding the transformation of alkyl bromides through nitriles toward carboxylic acid synthesis.

Here, steps of organic reaction are given with the final product as isovaleric acid.We have to…

Carboxylic acids can be made by the hydrolysis of nitriles, which in turn can be made from an alkyl halide. Draw the structures of a starting alkyl bromide and the intermediate nitrile that would be used in the synthesis of 3-methylbutanoic acid (also known as isovaleric acid). Do not show free ions. alkyl bromide NC- Draw the alkyl bromide. Select Draw Templates More / |||||| C H Br nitrile Erase H₂O H* O: isovaleric acid OH Draw the nitrile intermediate. /// /// Select Draw Templates More C H N Erase

Carboxylic acids can be made by the hydrolysis of nitriles, which in turn can be made from an alkyl halide. Draw the structures of a starting alkyl bromide and the intermediate nitrile that would be used in the synthesis of 3-methylbutanoic acid (also known as isovaleric acid). Do not show free ions. alkyl bromide NC- Draw the alkyl bromide. Select Draw Templates More / |||||| C H Br nitrile Erase H₂O H* O: isovaleric acid OH Draw the nitrile intermediate. /// /// Select Draw Templates More C H N Erase

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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