Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Can you think of a situation in which it would be better for a drug to be microbistatic rather than microbicidal? Discuss thoroughly.
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- Broad-spectrum drugs target a wide variety of bacterial pathogens. Even when the broad-spectrum drug is capable of killing a target pathogen, it may not be the best treatment. Which statement best explains why a broad spectrum drug might be an undesirable treatment choice? Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are usually toxic to the host cells. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials only work if they are used shortly after the infection begins. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may kill much of the normal microbiota. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are not able to kill bacteria that are in their log phase of growth. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may stimulate excess growth of the normal microbiota.arrow_forwardWhat is selective toxicity in the context of antibiotic chemotherapy? Support your answer with examples.arrow_forwardExplain the major mechanisms by which microbes becomeresistant to drugs.arrow_forward
- Think about minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. A set of tubes, all containing the same amount of bacterial cells, have decreasing amount of antibiotic X added to them. Tube 1 had 0mg/ml, Tube 2 has 100mg/ml, tube 3 has 50mg/ml, 4=25, 5=12.5, 6=6.25, and tube 7 has 3.125. If bacteria grew in tubes 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, what is the MIC of this antibiotic for this bacteria? Select one: a.None of the Above b.3.125 mg/ml c.25 mg/ml d.0 mg/ml e.50 mg/mlarrow_forwardSpectrum of activity describes how many species of microbes a drug works against. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are effective against many different groups of bacteria, while narrow-spectrum antibiotics work well against a particular group or species, but have little effect on the rest. Based on our class results, which of the following are narrow-spectrum? Group of answer choices Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid Ampicillin Kanamycin Ciprofloxacin Vancomycin Bacitracin Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazolearrow_forwardNo one would dispute the facts that the use of antibiotics is extremely beneficial. Why then are there currently discussions around the idea that we as a society should be limiting our antibiotic use? What are the pros and cons of utilizing antibacterial and antimicrobial products (NOT antibiotics) on a daily basis? Do you agree or disagree that the use of antibiotics should be reduced and if so, how should it be done?arrow_forward
- step 1 Staphylococcus aureus is a bacteria, that is now resistant to commonly used antibiotics, and it is now resistant to the antibiotic methicillin (narrow spectrum beta lactam class). step 2 Describe the physiological mechanism used by individual bacteria to resist the antibiotic listed in above of this Thought Question. For example, the mechanism could be modification of drug, modification of target, prevention of drug penetration, overproduction of target, or target mimicry. (This means that you must choose a strain of bacteria that we know the characteristic of the bacteria that allows the bacteria to be resistant.)arrow_forwardPlease find the questionarrow_forwardHello, PLease answer. A new chemotherapeutic drug kills bacteria but not humans. Discuss the possible ways the drug may selectively act on bacterial cells.arrow_forward
- List 10 characteristics of an ideal antimicrobial drug.arrow_forwardProvide images for the discussed solution about the types c and d mechanisms.arrow_forwardWhether an antimicrobial is broad spectrum or narrow spectrum depends on its mode of action. For the following 2 hypothetical drugs, predict whether they are broad spectrum or narrow spectrum. Explain your reasoning: 4. a. Drug A interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis - b. Drug B interferes with 70S ribosome function- c. Drug C interferes with synthesis of a vitamin –arrow_forward
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