Calculate the rate of some reaction that obeys Avrami kinetics, assuming that the constants n and k have values of 1.4 and 0.005, respectively, for time expressed in seconds.

Explain different thermodynamic processes with the help of Pv and Ts diagrams. Write thermodynamic properties (P, v, T and s) relationships for these processes.

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(i) What is the 3rd law of thermodynamics? Under what circumstances does this not hold? (ii) Define the residual entropy. Show that for a molecule which has m identical energy configurations the residual entropy is given by Sresidual= Nkb ln m (iii) Calculate the residual entropy per mole for a molecule that has 4 identical energy configurations.