Brewster’s Law If the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction are complementary angles, the angle of incidence is referred to as the Brewster angle θB. The Brewster angle  is related to the indices of refraction of the two media, n1 and n2, by the equation n1 sin θB = n2 cos θB, where n1 is the index of refraction of the incident medium and n2 is the index of refraction of the refractive medium. Determine the Brewster angle for a light beam traveling through water (at 20°C) that makes an angle of incidence with a smooth, flat slab of crown glass.

A ray of light travels from air into another medium, making an angle of θ1 = 45.0° with the normal A light ray in air is moving down and to the right and is incident on a second medium. It makes an angle θ1 with the vertical. Inside the vertical, it continues to move down and to the right but at a steeper slope than the incident ray. It makes an angle θ2 with the vertical. (a) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is sodium chloride. °(b) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is diamond. °(c) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is benzene. °

A prism made of flint glass has a cross section that is an equilateral triangle. The index of refraction for red and violet light respectively in flint glass is 1.662 and 1.698. If as shown in the figure, the angle of incidence in air for both colors of light is 66.8°, determine the angle at which both colors emerge back into air after traveling through the prism. red light                         ° violet light                          °

A light ray traveling in water is incident upon a transparent medium. The angle of incidence is 45.0°, and the transmitted ray is refracted at an angle of 20.0°. What is the speed of light in the transparent medium (in m/s)? X What is the index of refraction of the transparent medium? How is it related to the speed of light in vacuum and the speed of light in the medium? m/s

The refractive index of a transparent material can be determined by measuring the critical angle when the solid is in air. If 0c = 20° what is the index of refraction of the material? с Units no units required The index of refraction, n = What will be the critical angle when the same material is immersed in a medium with the index of refraction 1.17? The critical angle, 0c = Units deg

chapter 25: Problem 9: A beam of light moves through a slab of glass as shown in the figure. The index of refraction of the glass is ng = 1.5. The index of refraction of air is na = 1. The incident angle of the light is θi = 44°. a) If the refraction angle of the light at the upper surface of the slab is θ1, express sinθ1 in terms of θi, na, and ng.  b) The incident angle of the light on the lower surface of the slab is θ2. What is the relation between θ1 and θ2?  c) The refraction angle of the light on the lower surface of the slab is θf. Express sin(θf) in terms of θ2, na, and ng.

Problem 13: A ray of light is incident on an air/water interface. The ray makes an angle of 01 = 22 degrees with respect to the normal of the surface. The index of the air is n = 1 while water is n₂ = 1.33. Part (b) Numerically, what is the angle in degrees? 0₂=1 Part (a) Choose an expression for the angle (relative to the normal to the surface) for the ray in the water, 02. Answer Saved Successfully! 8₂=asin (sin()) sin() cos() cotan() asin() atan() acotan() cosh() sinh() tanh() cotanh() Degrees O Radians Submit tan() acos() E 4 5 6 1 2 3 () Hint * Feedback 7 8 9 HOME 1 + 0 VO BACKSPACE DEL CLEAR - I give up! . ni END n2 0₁ 02₂

A layer of oil (n = 1.45) floats on an unknown liquid. A ray of light originates in the oil and passes into the unknown liquid. The angle of incidence is 54.7 degrees, and the angle of refraction is 54.0 degrees. What is the index of refraction of the unknown liquid? Number i Units