4. Use what you know about the anatomy and physiology of special sensory organs to evaluate how each of the following changes will impact an Animal's ability to sense its environment. A mutation produces a non-functional ligand-gated channel, which normally binds glucose. Which special sense(s) will be impacted by this mutation? The stereocilia on "hair cells" become stiffer as Vertebrates age. Identify the senses that will be impacted by this change; then, describe one specific example of how the perception of a stimulus will change due to this age related stiffening.

1. Describe how the interaction between a moth and its predator the bat interact at the sensory level. Include a description of inputs and outputs that integrate with the central nervous system. co Recordings 2. What is meant by sensory transduction and how are ions and membrane potentials involved? Shorolino E.

How do the size and shape of the outer ear help animals detect sounds and localize sounds? Since the outer earis an amplifier, animals with an acute sense ofhearng often have large ears. The outer ear Thearicle (pr works an ampier lur cerin quercyra The vttietical ure e pime hepsbcalie Mary ms can move ther locaritaion How does having two ears help with sound localization? What are delay lines, and what is their roles helping to localize sounds? Aserval oan hear a mouse woolng t way underground Sound (ocalization Outer ear also functions in heatloss - by noting intensity difference between the two ears, - by noting timing difference between the two ears - Solution: delay lines in the brain.. Allen's ruie animals adapted to cold olimates have shorter limbs and body appendages than animais adapted to warm cimates Cs Scanned with CamScanner

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Which of the following statements about a sensory cell is FALSE?

pse is required to link the gustatory receptor with the sensory neuron. This lends itself Depounio Part D- Signaling in Olfaction and Gustation Different stimuli of the two special senses trigger different methods of signaling within their receptors. How are the following stimuli transmitted? Drag and drop the stimuli into the mostpropriate bins depicting their method of transmission. • View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Umami chemicals Salt chemicals Odorants Bitter chemicals Sour chemicals Sweet chemicals Pesting plasma Actve Inactve Gproton aproten Receptor protein CAMP Inactive Gprotein Active G protein adenylate cyclase CAMP RECEPTOR CELL ATP Active 2nd messenge hctie 2nd meerger Submit Provide Feedback

Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/l_3-D1) to learn more about how the brain perceives 3-D motion. Similar to how retinal disparity offers 3-D moviegoers a way to extract 3-D information from the two-dimensional visual field projected onto the retina, the brain can extract information about movement in space by comparing what the two eyes see. If movement of a visual stimulus is leftward in one eye and rightward in the opposite eye, the brain interprets this as movement toward (or away) from the face along the midline. If both eyes see an object moving in the same direction, but at different rates, what would that mean for spatial movement?

Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/DanielleReed) to learn about Dr. Danielle Reed of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, PA, who became interested in science at an early age because of her sensory experiences. She recognized that her sense of taste was unique compared with other people she knew. Now, she studies the genetic differences between people and their sensitivities to taste stimuli. In the video, there is a brief image of a person sticking out their tongue, which has been covered with a colored dye. This is how Dr. Reed is able to visualize and count papillae on the surface of the tongue. People fall into two large groups known as tasters and non-tasters on the basis of the density of papillae on their tongue, which also indicates the number of taste buds. Non-tasters can taste food, but they are not as sensitive to certain tastes, such as bitterness. Dr. Reed discovered that she is a non-taster, which explains why she perceived bitterness differently than other people she knew. Are you very sensitive to tastes? Can you see any similarities among the members of your family?

Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/occipital) to learn more about a transverse section through the brain that depicts the visual pathway from the eye to the occipital cortex. The first half of the pathway is the projection from the RGCs through the optic nerve to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus on either side. This first fiber in the pathway synapses on a thalamic cell that then projects to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe where seeing, or visual perception, takes place. This video gives an abbreviated overview of the visual system by concentrating on the pathway from the eyes to the occipital lobe. The video makes the statement (at 0:45) that specialized cells in the retina called ganglion cells convert the light rays into electrical signals. What aspect of retinal processing is simplified by that statement? Explain your answer.

Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/2point) to see a quick demonstration of two-point discrimination. Touching a specialized caliper to the surface of the skin will measure the distance between two points that are perceived as distinct stimuli versus a single stimulus. The patient keeps their eyes closed while the examiner switches between using both points of the caliper or just one. The patient then must indicate whether one or two stimuli are in contact with the skin. Why is the distance between the caliper points closer on the fingertips as opposed to the palm of the hand? And what do you think the distance would be on the arm, or the shoulder?