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- Describe the following mutations in a fruit fly: Dumpy: Curly: Apterous: Ebony: Vestigial: Antennapedia: White eye: Bar eye: Vermillion eye: Lobe eye: Sepia eye:Consider the following variations in Drosophila melanogaster, relative to the wild-type: White eyes are a recessive trait—the gene of which is found in Chromosome I (X). Vestigial wings are a recessive trait—the gene of which is found in Chromosome II. Aristapedia is a dominant trait—the gene of which is found in Chromosome III. Being homozygous for this condition is lethal. Cross the following mutant females with a wild-type (homozygous) male. Show the Punnett square and obtain the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the first filial generation (F1). Female with white eyes Q4: Show the Punnett squares and obtain the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the first filial generation (F1) and second filial generation (F2) of the following crosses. Note: The F2 generation can be obtained by crossing one male and one female from the F1 generation. Female with white eyes and vestigial wings and wild-type maleIn Drosophila melanogaster body color is controlled by one gene while wing shape is controlled by a second gene. Gray body color is dominant to black body color, and normal wings are dominant to vestigial wings. Flies homozygous for gray body color and vestiial wing are crossed with flies homozygous for black body color and normal wings Compare the possible F2generation genotypes and phenotypes and proportions if these two traits are autosomally linked in comparison to the non-linked How does your answer change if one of the original parents is homozygous for gray body color and normal wings while the other has black body color and vestigial wings
- Which of the following sets of genes are most likely to have pleiotropic effects? Transcription factor genes Metabolic pathway genes Pigmentation genes Circadian rhythm genesA number of genes that control expression of Hox genes in Drosophila have been identified. One of these homozygous mutants is extra sex combs, where some of the head and all of the thorax and abdominal segments develop as the last abdominal segment. In other words, all affected segments develop as posterior segments. What does this phenotype tell you about which set of Hox genes is controlled by the extra sex combs gene?Consider a Droscophilia fly with a genotype of Nn XqYY. The dominant allele of the sex-linked gene specifies a black body and the recessive a white body. The recessive autosomal allele specifies hairy bristles while the dominant allele specifies smooth bristles. i)What is the ploidy of this fly? ii) What would the sex of this fly be? iii)What would the phenotype of this fly be with respect to these two loci?
- Discuss the concepts of: "PATTERN FORMATION" Also, cite examples to illustrate these concepts.In the nematode C. elegans, homozygosity for the e mutant allele causes an extreme "uncoordinated" phenotype, where the worm completely loses its ability to move. Examination of 100 individuals with genotype e/e reveals that 60 mutant worm can't move at all, 35 show a very reduced ability to move, and the remaining 5 seem to have a completely wild-type phenotype with respect to movement ability. These observations suggest that e has O incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity O low expressivity and variable penetrance Ohigh expressivity and variable penetrance O high penetrance and incomplete expressivityHere are schematic diagrams of mutant Drosophila larvae. The left side of each pair shows a wild-type larva, with gray boxes showing the sections that are missing in the mutant larva. Which type of gene is defective in each larva: a gap gene, a pair-rule gene, or a segment-polarity gene?
- You are interested in studying position effect variegation in Drosophila using the chromosome depicted below: Deactivation of the w+ gene gives a white eye phenotype and deactivation of the rst+ gene gives a rough eye phenotype; the normal phenotypes are red and smooth. Because the rst+ and w+ genes have now been placed close to a heterochromatic domain, some sections (or sectors) of the eye display mutant phenotypes due to gene deactivation while others display the normal, wild type phenotype. Which phenotype would you not expect to see rst w Inverted X chromosome white smooth eye sectors white rough eye sectors red smooth eye sectors red rough eye sectorsGENETICS: X LINKED GENES In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red is dominant to white. What are the sexes and eye colors of flies with the following genotypes: XRXr XRY XRXR X'Y What are the genotypes of these flies: white eyed, male red eyed female (heterozygous). red eyed, male white eyed, female Show the cross of a white eyed female X'X' with a red-eyed male XRY. Show a cross between a pure red eyed female and a white eyed male. What are the genotypes of the parents: & & Show the cross of a red eyed female (heterozygous) and a red eyed male. What are the genotypes of the parents? How many are: white eyed, male_ red eyed, male How many are: white eyed, male white eyed, female red eyed, male red eyed, female white eyed, female red eyed, femaleWhat would be the most likely effect of deleting flowering locus D (FLD) in Arabidopsis thaliana?