Biology How will you make a 50-ul reaction mixture with 1Xreaction buffer in it using water and 5X buffer stocksolution?

Test Your Understanding Apply and Analyze 14. Consider the following reaction (in water): HCl H+ + Cl Name the reactant(s) and product(s). Does the expression indicate that the reaction is reversible? Could HCl be used as a buffer?

MATHEMATICAL The buffer needed for Question 35 can also be prepared using crystalline NaH2PO4 and a solution of 1.0 M NaOH. How would you do this?

MATHEMATICAL Define buffering capacity. How do the following buffers differ in buffering capacity? How do they differ in pH? Buffer a: 0.01 M Na2HPO4 and 0.01 M NaH2PO4 Buffer b: 0.10 M Na2HPO4 and 0.10 M NaH2PO4 Buffer c: 1.0 M Na2HPO4 and 1.0 M NaH2PO4

MATHEMATICAL Consider the reaction AB+C, where G=0.00. (a) What is the value of G (not G) when the initial concentrations of A, B, and C are 1 M, 103M,and106M? (b) Try the same calculations for the reaction D+EF, for the same relative order of concentrations. (c) Try the same calculations for the reaction GH, if the concentrations are 1Mand103M for G and H, respectively.

MATHEMATICAL Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration, [H+], for each of the following materials: (a) Blood plasma, pH 7.4 (b) Orange juice, pH 3.5 (c) Human urine, pH 6.2 (d) Household ammonia, pH 11.5 (e) Gastric juice, pH 1.8

MATHEMATICAL Calculate the pH of a buffer solution prepared by mixing 75 mL of 1.0 M lactic acid (see Table 2.6) and 25 mL of 1.0 M sodium lactate.

MATHEMATICAL You do an enzyme kinetic experiment and calculate a Vmax of 100 mol of product per minute. If each assay used 0.1 mL of an enzyme solution that had a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, what would be the turnover number if the enzyme had a molecular weight of 128,000 g/mol?

MATHEMATICAL Using the information in Table 20.2, calculate G for the following reaction: 2Cytaa3[oxidized;Fe(III)]+2Cytb[reduced;Fe(II)]2Cytaa3[reduced;Fe(II)]+2Cytb[oxidized;Fe(III)]

Which of the following is the best way to judge the relative activation energies between two given chemical reactions? Compare the ?G values between the two reactions Compare their reaction rates Compare their ideal environmental conditions Compare the spontaneity between the two reactions.