Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Between the second sound of one beat and the first sound of the next beat the _____.
| A |
semilunar valves are opened
|
|
| B |
ventricles are depolarized and contracting
|
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| C |
ventricles fill with blood
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|
| D |
atrioventricular valves are closed
|
Expert Solution
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Step 1 Introduction on the heart sounds:
Heart sounds are generated by blood flowing in and out of the heart’s chambers through the valves as they open and close. Listening to the heart sounds through a stethoscope (auscultation) is one of the first steps a physician takes in evaluating a patient’s medical condition. Blood flow creates vibrations in the heart chambers and valves which produce audible sounds that can be heard through a stethoscope. Smooth, low-resistance blood flow is called a laminar flow. When the flow is rough with high resistance it is known as a turbulent flow.
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- An ectopic pacemaker refers to the condition in which _____. A the rate at which the SA node cells undergo spontaneous depolarization is abnormal B "all of the heart cells function independently of one another such that the heart vibrates, but fails to pump blood" C action potentials in the heart are initiated by a region other than the sinoatrial node D the endothelial cellsarrow_forwardSLIDE 6 left circumflex artery left marginal artery posterior interventricular 1 |artery 2. 3.arrow_forwardThe ""lub-dup"" heart sounds are produced by the _______" A "opening of the atrioventricular valves (""lub"") and the opening of the semilunar valves (""dup"")" B "opening of both the atrioventricular and semilunar valves (""lub"") and the closing of both the atrioventricular and semilunar valves (""dup"")" C "closing of the atrioventricular valves (""lub"") and the closing of the semilunar valves (""dup"")" D "closing of the semilunar valves (""lub"") and the closing of the atrioventricular valves (""dup"")"arrow_forward
- The normal pacemaker of the heart is the ______. A sinoatrial node B left atrium C atrioventricular node D Purkinje fiber E atrioventricular bundlearrow_forwardHeart sounds you hear ( lub dupp ) are the sounds the depolarization of SA and AV nodes . True Falsearrow_forwardBlood pressure sounds heard when listening to the brachial artery are caused by _______. A turbulent blood flow B heart valves closing C heart valves openingarrow_forward
- ____ is the contractile phase of the cardiac cycle and _____ is the relaxation phase of the cardiac cyclearrow_forwardBecause of a reduced blood supply to the AV node, the delay in theconduction of action potentials from the SA node to the AV node isincreased slightly. All other areas of the conducting system of the heartare functioning normally. Predict how this affects the normal rhythm ofthe heart.arrow_forwardIn a normal heartbeat the atria contract ______. A at exactly the same time as the ventricles B immediately before the ventricles C immediately after the ventricles D at the very beginning of ventricular diastolearrow_forward
- Stroke volume is equal to the ______. A amount of blood pumped in a single beat by both ventricles combined B amount of blood in the right (or left) ventricle at the end of diastole minus the amount of blood in the right (or left) ventricle at the end of systole C end systolic volume minus the end diastolic volume D amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minutearrow_forwardAn electrocardiogram (ECG) measures the ____. A difference in electrical potential between two points on the body B force produced by the ventricles as they contract C cardiac output D amount of blood the ventricles eject in a single beat E membrane potential at which voltage-gated channels will openarrow_forwardAs blood in the great arteries ricochets back against the closed semilunar valves, the second heart sound ("dupp") can be heard. Why does this heart sound occur towards the end of the T wave in an ECG?arrow_forward
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