b) You wanted to produce 2-nitrobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid. For that purpose, you started the reaction with an alkylation of benzoic acid, then you did a nitration using nitric acid. Finally, oxidation using KMNO4 was performed to obtain the final product. However, the desired product was not obtained. Analyse the reaction by explaining what happened to the reaction and provide a correct synthetic method.

Show the starting material(s) and reagents need to synthesize (one step) the following product using carbonyl a carbon chemistry.

Propose a sequence of reactions to prepare the specified target compound from the indicated starting materials.  All of the carbon atoms in the target must originate in the specified starting materials.  Keeping this restriction in mind, you may use any other organic or inorganic reagents necessary to complete the synthesis. It is only necessary to show the overall transformations involved in your proposed synthesis.

Enamines can serve as enolate surrogates in reactions at the a-carbon. In the reaction sequence, the structures of the enamine addition product – the initial zwitterion and its neutral tautomer – are shown. Draw the structures of the two reactants forming these intermediates, and draw the structure of the final product, obtained via hydrolysis of the neutral intermediate. initial zwitterionic intermediate neutral intermediate tautomerization Reactants H,0 hydrolysis product Draw the two reactants. Draw the hydrolysis product. Select Draw Rings More Erase Select Draw Rings More Erase H H

Propose a synthesis for the following product from the starting material(s) indicated. Show all reagents and products of each step of your sequence. Show retrosynthetic analysis. OH OH O JOHO Ph

Propose a synthetic method to hydrate but-1-ene, which will yield the product opposite of 2-butanol

a) Acetoacetic ester can be prepared from Claisen self-condensation reaction of ethyl acetate. You are given ethanol as the only starting material. Using all the available reagents in the organic chemistry lab, illustrate how acetoacetic ester can be synthesised. Show all reagents and structures for all the intermediates.

Carry out the following synthesis, using any necessary reagents. Show any synthetic intermediates. Mechanisms do not need to be shown. O₂N. CI

22. Provide the following: 1) the major organic product of each reaction shown, and ii) the specific name of the reaction in the first step. aniline AICI (if o,p-substituted products are possible, only provide the major para-substituted product, otherwise, only provide the meta-substituted product) 12, HNO (if o,p-substituted products are possible, only provide the major para-substituted product, otherwise, only provide the meta-substituted product) end a chat

Draw the product of the reaction shown below. Ignore inorganic products Draw the product of the reaction shown below. Ignore inorganic byproducts. OH OH Na2Cr2O7 H2O, CH3CO2H < OH